Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. km 0.6 Carretera a la Victoria, Hermosillo, Sonora, CP 83 304, México.
Environ Monit Assess. 2011 May;176(1-4):109-23. doi: 10.1007/s10661-010-1570-9. Epub 2010 Jun 24.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of metals (Cd, Pb, Hg, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) in dissolved and particulate fractions in seawater from Bacochibampo Bay, Northern part of Mexico. Water samples were collected from November 2004 to October 2005. Metal analysis was done by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy. Results indicated highest concentrations of dissolved Cd and Zn in the sites localized at the mouth and center of the bay. During summer and spring, the highest levels of Cd, Mn, and Fe were detected, Zn in fall, and Pb and Cu in winter and spring. Mercury was the only metal that was not found in this fraction. In particulate fraction, Fe, Hg, and Mn were the most abundant elements in all the sampling sites, followed by Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd. The highest levels of the majority of the metals were observed in the coastline, suggesting a continental and/or urban source for these chemicals. The highest level of Cd was detected during the summer and the rest of the metals in the fall. Statistically significant correlations were observed between dissolved and particulate forms of Pb:Mn, Cu:Fe, and Cu:Mn. The mean partition coefficient values were as follows: Fe>Mn>Cu>Pb>Cd>Zn. All dissolved metal concentrations found, except Pb, were lower than EPA-recommended water quality values. The levels of dissolved metals in this study reveal low bioavailability and toxic potential. However, further toxicological and sediment chemistry studies in this area are needed for a full risk assessment.
本研究的目的是调查墨西哥北部 Bacochibampo 湾海水中溶解态和颗粒态金属（Cd、Pb、Hg、Cu、Fe、Mn 和 Zn）的分布情况。水样于 2004 年 11 月至 2005 年 10 月采集。金属分析采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法。结果表明，海湾口和中心附近站位的溶解态 Cd 和 Zn 浓度最高。夏季和春季，Cd、Mn 和 Fe 的浓度最高，秋季为 Zn，冬季和春季为 Pb 和 Cu。Hg 是唯一未在此部分检出的金属。在颗粒态部分，Fe、Hg 和 Mn 是所有采样点最丰富的元素，其次是 Zn、Cu、Pb 和 Cd。大多数金属的浓度最高出现在海岸线附近，表明这些化学物质的来源为大陆和/或城市。Cd 的最高浓度出现在夏季，其余金属出现在秋季。溶解态和颗粒态 Pb:Mn、Cu:Fe 和 Cu:Mn 之间存在显著的相关性。平均分配系数值如下：Fe>Mn>Cu>Pb>Cd>Zn。除 Pb 外，所有检测到的溶解态金属浓度均低于 EPA 推荐的水质值。本研究中溶解态金属的水平表明其生物利用度和潜在毒性较低。然而，为了进行全面的风险评估，还需要在该地区进行进一步的毒理学和沉积物化学研究。
