School of Kinesiology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2010 Jul;38(3):114-21. doi: 10.1097/JES.0b013e3181e3728f.
Ghrelin and leptin, putative controllers of human appetite, have no effect on human meal-to-meal appetite but respond to variations in energy availability. Nonhomeostatic characteristics of appetite and spontaneous activity stem from inhibition by leptin and ghrelin of brain reward circuit that is responsive to energy deficit, but refractory in obesity, and from the operation of a meal-timing circadian clock.
胃饥饿素和瘦素,被认为是人类食欲的控制者,它们对人类的餐间食欲没有影响,但对能量供应的变化有反应。食欲和自发活动的非体内平衡特征源于瘦素和胃饥饿素对大脑奖励回路的抑制,而大脑奖励回路对能量不足有反应,但在肥胖中是抵抗的,并且源于进餐时间的昼夜节律时钟的运行。