补体控制蛋白因子 H：好的、坏的和不足的。
Complement control protein factor H: the good, the bad, and the inadequate.
机构信息
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, United States.
出版信息
Mol Immunol. 2010 Aug;47(13):2187-97. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2010.05.007.
The complement system is an essential component of the innate immune system that participates in elimination of pathogens and altered host cells and comprises an essential link between the innate and adaptive immune system. Soluble and membrane-bound complement regulators protect cells and tissues from unintended complement-mediated injury. Complement factor H is a soluble complement regulator essential for controlling the alternative pathway in blood and on cell surfaces. Normal recognition of self-cell markers (i.e. polyanions) and C3b/C3d fragments is necessary for factor H function. Inadequate recognition of host cell surfaces by factor H due to mutations and polymorphisms have been associated with complement-mediated tissue damage and disease. On the other hand, unwanted recognition of pathogens and altered self-cells (i.e. cancer) by factor H is used as an immune evasion strategy. This review will focus on the current knowledge related to these versatile recognition properties of factor H.
补体系统是先天免疫系统的重要组成部分，参与清除病原体和宿主细胞的改变，是先天免疫系统和适应性免疫系统之间的重要联系。可溶性和膜结合的补体调节剂可保护细胞和组织免受意外的补体介导的损伤。补体因子 H 是一种可溶性补体调节剂，对控制血液和细胞表面的替代途径至关重要。正常识别自身细胞标志物（即多阴离子）和 C3b/C3d 片段是因子 H 功能所必需的。由于突变和多态性，因子 H 对宿主细胞表面的识别不足与补体介导的组织损伤和疾病有关。另一方面，因子 H 对病原体和改变的自身细胞（即癌症）的不必要识别被用作免疫逃避策略。这篇综述将重点介绍与因子 H 这些多功能识别特性相关的最新知识。
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