Monhart V, Jaros M
Ustrední vojenská nemocnice, Praha.
Vnitr Lek. 1991 Jan;37(1):48-52.
The authors investigated the incidence of arterial hypertension during acute glomerulonephritis in adults and during the period after glomerulonephritis. Hypertension was recorded in 34% of 126 patients treated on account of acute glomerulonephritis (mean age 23 +/- 6 years). Only in six patients the diastolic pressure was higher than 15.3 kPa. At the end of hospitalization hypertension persisted in four subjects. After a three-year interval following glomerulonephritis hypertension was recorded in 15% of 119 examined subjects. In 7 subjects it was isolated, in another 11 associated with a pathological finding in urine. Four to twenty years after acute glomerulonephritis (mean 11.5 years) in a group of 81 subjects hypertension was recorded in 31%. In six patients it was an isolated finding, in 19 instances it was associated with a pathological finding in urine and possibly impaired renal function. In adult age transient hypertension is associated with about one third of all cases of acute glomerulonephritis. Subsequent presence of hypertension in these patients is frequent and increases with the follow up period. Without an invasive examination it is not possible differentiate secondary hypertension from essential hypertension, in particular in subjects with isolated hypertension or hypertension associated with mild proteinuria.
作者调查了成人急性肾小球肾炎期间及肾小球肾炎后动脉高血压的发病率。126例因急性肾小球肾炎接受治疗的患者（平均年龄23±6岁）中，34%出现高血压。仅6例患者舒张压高于15.3 kPa。住院结束时，4名患者高血压仍持续存在。肾小球肾炎三年后，119名接受检查的患者中15%出现高血压。7例为单纯性高血压，另11例伴有尿液病理改变。急性肾小球肾炎4至20年后（平均11.5年），81例患者中有31%出现高血压。6例为单纯性高血压，19例伴有尿液病理改变及可能的肾功能损害。在成人中，约三分之一的急性肾小球肾炎病例伴有短暂性高血压。这些患者随后高血压的发生率较高，且随随访时间增加。未经侵入性检查，无法区分继发性高血压与原发性高血压，尤其是在单纯性高血压或伴有轻度蛋白尿的高血压患者中。
