Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Kinesiology and Recreation, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790, USA.
Am J Sports Med. 2010 Oct;38(10):2106-12. doi: 10.1177/0363546510370291. Epub 2010 Jul 1.
Excessive and untimely scapular dyskinesis during the throwing motion has been associated with several shoulder injuries. The scapula provides attachment for many soft tissue structures. Therefore, many have hypothesized that posterior shoulder tightness may alter proper scapular kinematics.
As posterior shoulder tightness increases, so will forward scapular posture. Baseball players will have a significantly more forward scapular position of their dominant arm compared with their nondominant arm. The bilateral difference in forward scapular posture will be greater in pitchers than in position players, indicating pitchers have more forward scapular posture.
Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.
Bilateral forward scapular posture, glenohumeral horizontal adduction, and rotational range of motion were measured among 20 professional baseball pitchers and 20 position players.
A regression analysis showed a moderate to good negative relationship between glenohumeral horizontal adduction range of motion and forward scapular posture (r(2) = .50, P = .001). T tests demonstrated that the dominant shoulders of both groups had significantly more forward scapular posture compared with nondominant shoulders (P < .004). There were no other significant relationships or differences found (r(2) < .04, P > .15).
There was a moderate to good relationship between posterior shoulder tightness and forward scapular posture. Furthermore, baseball players had more forward scapular posture of the dominant arm than the nondominant arm. These results suggest that posterior shoulder tightness as evidenced by decreased glenohumeral adduction range of motion may be considered a partial predictor for excessive forward scapular posture and vice versa. Because of the association between this scapular dyskinesis and shoulder dysfunction, clinicians may find it advantageous to address these characteristics when examining and treating such athletes.
投掷运动中肩胛骨过度和不及时的运动已与多种肩部损伤有关。肩胛骨为许多软组织结构提供附着点。因此，许多人假设，肩部后部紧张可能会改变适当的肩胛骨运动学。
随着肩部后部紧张度的增加，肩胛骨前伸的姿势也会增加。与非优势臂相比，棒球运动员的优势臂肩胛骨前伸的位置会明显更靠前。投手的肩胛骨前伸位置比守备球员更靠前，表明投手的肩胛骨前伸位置更大。
横断面研究；证据水平，3 级。
测量了 20 名职业棒球投手和 20 名守备球员的双侧肩胛骨前伸姿势、盂肱关节水平内收、旋转活动度。
回归分析显示盂肱关节水平内收活动度与肩胛骨前伸姿势之间存在中度至高度的负相关关系（r² =.50，P =.001）。T 检验表明，两组的优势肩都比非优势肩有明显更靠前的肩胛骨前伸姿势（P <.004）。没有发现其他显著的关系或差异（r² <.04，P >.15）。
肩部后部紧张与肩胛骨前伸姿势之间存在中度至高度的关系。此外，棒球运动员的优势臂肩胛骨前伸的姿势比非优势臂更大。这些结果表明，正如盂肱关节内收活动度减小所表明的那样，肩部后部紧张可能被视为过度前伸肩胛骨姿势的部分预测因素，反之亦然。由于这种肩胛骨运动失调与肩部功能障碍之间存在关联，临床医生在检查和治疗这些运动员时可能会发现解决这些特征是有益的。
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