Department of Anthropology, University of California-Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Curr Biol. 2010 Aug 10;20(15):1359-61. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2010.05.067. Epub 2010 Jul 1.
Longevity is a major component of variation in fitness in long-lived iteroparous species [1-4]. Among female baboons, variation in breeding lifespan accounts for approximately 50% of the variation in lifetime fitness [5, 6]. However, we know little about the causes of variation in longevity in primates or other long-lived mammals. Savannah baboons form strong, equitable, and enduring relationships with specific female partners, particularly with close relatives and agemates [7-10]. The quality of females' social relationships influences their ability to cope with stressful events [11-13] and is associated with variation in female reproductive success [9, 14]. Here we show that dominance rank and the quality of close social bonds have independent effects on the longevity of female chacma baboons (Papio hamadryas ursinus). High-ranking females live longer than lower-ranking females. In addition, females who form stronger and more stable social bonds with other females live significantly longer than females who form weaker and less stable relationships. These data extend our understanding of the adaptive value of social bonds in baboons and complement a growing body of evidence that indicates that social bonds have adaptive value in a range of taxa, from mice to humans [9, 14-19].
长寿是长寿命多次生殖物种适应力差异的主要组成部分[1-4]。在雌性狒狒中，繁殖寿命的变化约占终生适应力变化的 50%[5,6]。然而，我们对灵长类动物或其他长寿哺乳动物长寿变化的原因知之甚少。萨凡纳狒狒与特定的雌性伴侣形成强大、平等和持久的关系，特别是与近亲[7-10]和同龄雌性。女性社交关系的质量会影响她们应对压力事件的能力[11-13]，并与女性生殖成功率的变化有关[9,14]。在这里，我们表明，支配地位和亲密社交关系的质量对雌性山魈（Papio hamadryas ursinus）的寿命有独立影响。高等级的雌性比低等级的雌性寿命更长。此外，与其他雌性形成更强、更稳定社交关系的雌性比形成较弱、较不稳定关系的雌性寿命显著更长。这些数据扩展了我们对狒狒社交关系适应性价值的理解，并补充了越来越多的证据表明，社交关系在从老鼠到人类的一系列分类群中具有适应性价值[9,14-19]。
