Repp Bruno H
Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2010 Jul;72(5):1390-403. doi: 10.3758/APP.72.5.1390.
In music that is perceived as metrically structured, events coinciding with the main beat are called metrically accented. Are these accents purely cognitive, or do they perhaps represent illusory increases in perceived loudness or duration, caused by heightened attention to main beats? In four separate tasks, musicians tried to detect a small actual increase or decrease in the loudness or duration of a single note in melodies comprising 12 notes. Musical notation prescribed a meter (6/8) implying a main beat coinciding with every third note. Effects of metrical accentuation on detection performance were found in all four tasks. However, they reflected primarily an increase in sensitivity to physical changes in main beat positions, likely to be due to enhanced attention. There was no evidence of biases indicating illusory phenomenal accents in those positions. By contrast, and independent of metrical structure, pitch accents due to pitch contour pivots were often mistaken for increases in loudness.
在被视为具有节拍结构的音乐中，与主节拍相符的音被称为节拍重音。这些重音纯粹是认知性的，还是可能代表了由于对主节拍的高度关注而导致的感知响度或时长的虚幻增加呢？在四项独立任务中，音乐家们试图在由12个音符组成的旋律中检测单个音符的响度或时长的微小实际增减。乐谱规定了一种节拍（6/8拍），意味着每第三个音符与一个主节拍相符。在所有四项任务中都发现了节拍重音对检测表现的影响。然而，它们主要反映了对主节拍位置上物理变化的敏感度增加，这可能是由于注意力增强所致。没有证据表明在这些位置存在表明虚幻现象重音的偏差。相比之下，与节拍结构无关，由于音高轮廓转折点产生的音高重音常常被误认为是响度增加。
