Studies on human laminin and laminin-collagen complexes.

Intact human laminin and laminin type IV collagen complexes were extracted from term placental membranes and their structures were examined by electroimmunoblot and by rotary shadowing electron microscopy. Rotary shadowing electron microscopy revealed a structure of human laminin which is essentially similar to the cruciform structure of the mouse tumor (EHS) laminin, but with some notable differences. The observed lengths of the short arms in the human laminin are different. One short arm has an average length of 34 nm and another short arm a length of 42 nm. In the mouse laminin all three short arms are of equal length. The average length of the long arm is 97 nm, which is longer than that of mouse tumor laminin (77 nm). The distal portion of the long arm has two clearly separated globular domains instead of the single one observed with tumor laminin. Human laminin was found in various states of aggregation including dimers, trimers and higher aggregates. Laminin molecules appeared to attach to a point in type IV collagen located 87 nm from C-terminus, or at 174 nm from C-terminus and one with less frequency, at 251 nm from C-terminus. A small number of molecules appeared to bind at the N-terminus of the collagen. These laminin-collagen interactions occurred via the distal globular domains of both the short and long arms of laminin. The data suggest that human laminin extracted from placenta is structurally different from that isolated from the mouse EHS tumor.