Gaym Asheber
Department of Gynecology, Medical Faculty, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa.
Ethiop Med J. 2010 Apr;48(2):137-48.
Health human resource audits are important to assess the adequacy of available health manpower; monitor changing trends and assist in formulating relevant human resource policies and strategies. Such audits are scarce in the African setting including Ethiopia.
This audit of obstetrician-gynecologists in Ethiopia of the last half century was conducted with the objective of providing a baseline audit on this important medical specialty of relevance to maternal and neonatal health.
Information was obtained from Ministry of Health (MOH) reports; Ethiopian society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ESOG) membership information; Addis Ababa University graduate program office and personal contact with gynecologists. Data was collected as to place and year of training; nationality; mortality; current service location and profile; ever public service; ever service and duration of service in the regions outside Addis Ababa.
A total of 236 obstetrician-gynecologists have served in Ethiopia since the late 1950's till 2007. 181 (76.7%) were graduates of the Addis Ababa University graduate program, while the rest were foreign trained. 55 (23.3%) were foreign nationals. It was learned that 8 (4.4%) of the AAU graduates have passed away. 30 (16.6%) of the AAU graduates have emigrated to other countries. The USA is the commonest destination of émigrés. 176 gynecologists were present in Ethiopia in 2007; 98 (55.7%) of whom were serving in the public sector. Annual emigration fraction has markedly decreased in recent years; while the trend clearly indicated that progressively more and more gynecologists were serving in the regions. Production of gynecologists in the last thirty years is very small; it is the most significant reason for the small numbers; rather than emigration.
There is a need to increase training of obstetricians and gynecologists by opening more graduate schools in the universities across the country. Mortality should be one of the parameters included in health manpower audits in addition to emigration. There is a need to reconsider the current service profile of specialists.
健康人力资源审计对于评估现有卫生人力的充足程度、监测变化趋势以及协助制定相关人力资源政策和战略至关重要。在包括埃塞俄比亚在内的非洲地区，此类审计较为匮乏。
对埃塞俄比亚过去半个世纪的妇产科医生进行此次审计，目的是为这一与孕产妇和新生儿健康相关的重要医学专业提供一次基线审计。
从卫生部报告、埃塞俄比亚妇产科医生协会（ESOG）会员信息、亚的斯亚贝巴大学研究生项目办公室获取信息，并与妇科医生进行个人联系。收集了关于培训地点和年份、国籍、死亡率、当前服务地点和概况、是否曾从事公共服务、是否曾在亚的斯亚贝巴以外地区服务以及服务时长等数据。
自20世纪50年代末至2007年，共有236名妇产科医生在埃塞俄比亚服务。181名（76.7%）是亚的斯亚贝巴大学研究生项目的毕业生，其余为国外培训。55名（23.3%）是外国公民。据悉，亚的斯亚贝巴大学的毕业生中有8名（4.4%）已经去世。30名（16.6%）亚的斯亚贝巴大学的毕业生移民到了其他国家。美国是移民最常见的目的地。2007年埃塞俄比亚有176名妇科医生；其中98名（55.7%）在公共部门服务。近年来年度移民比例显著下降；而趋势清楚表明，越来越多的妇科医生在各地区服务。过去三十年妇产科医生的培养数量非常少；这是人数少的最重要原因，而非移民。
有必要通过在全国各大学开设更多研究生院校来增加妇产科医生的培训。除移民外，死亡率应成为健康人力审计纳入的参数之一。有必要重新考虑专家目前的服务概况。
