Tieghi Riccardo, Consorti Giuseppe, Franco Filippo, Clauser Luigi C
Unit of Cranio Maxillo Facial Surgery, Centre for Craniofacial Deformities and Orbital Surgery, and Department of Ophthalmology, St Anna Hospital and University, 44100 Ferrara, Italy.
J Craniofac Surg. 2010 Jul;21(4):1199-201. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181e17c01.
Endocrine orbitopathy (EO) is a chronic, multisystem autoimmune disorder caused by lymphocyte infiltration, edema, and proliferation of endo-orbital connective tissue. These conditions involve the extraocular muscles, intraconal and extraconal fat, and, to a lesser extent, the lacrimal gland.Endocrine orbitopathy may be associated with toxic diffuse goiter and/or pretibial myxedema (Graves disease) and may appear without alterations in thyroid function (euthyroidism). It is characterized by antibodies that stimulate a general fibroblastic reaction (thyroid gland and lower extremities) and involves orbital fat tissue and muscles. The clinical signs and symptoms of EO reflect the mechanical consequences of increased orbital tissue volume and pressure within the orbit. Endocrine orbitopathy is marked by chronic evolution and, at times, a malignant outcome.
内分泌性眼眶病（EO）是一种慢性多系统自身免疫性疾病，由眶内结缔组织的淋巴细胞浸润、水肿和增生引起。这些情况累及眼外肌、肌锥内和肌锥外脂肪，泪腺受累程度较轻。内分泌性眼眶病可能与毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿和/或胫前黏液性水肿（格雷夫斯病）有关，也可能在甲状腺功能无改变（甲状腺功能正常）的情况下出现。其特征是产生刺激全身性成纤维细胞反应（甲状腺和下肢）的抗体，并累及眼眶脂肪组织和肌肉。EO的临床体征和症状反映了眼眶组织体积增加和眶内压力升高的机械性后果。内分泌性眼眶病以慢性进展为特征，有时会出现恶性结局。
