成年猫不适当神经交叉联合后交感反射组织的可塑性

Plasticity of sympathetic reflex organization following cross-union of inappropriate nerves in the adult cat.

作者信息

Jänig W, Koltzenburg M

机构信息

Physiologisches Institut, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Kiel, Germany.

出版信息

J Physiol. 1991 May;436:309-23. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1991.sp018552.

DOI:10.1113/jphysiol.1991.sp018552

PMID:2061833

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1181507/

Abstract

The present study has investigated the reflex organization of sympathetic neurones and its control of autonomic effector organs following nerve injury and repair. A well-defined population of vasoconstrictor neurones supplying blood vessels of the hairy skin was forced to innervate a territory that contained some appropriate, but mainly inappropriate autonomic effector organs. For this purpose the central stump of the cut sural nerve was sutured to the peripheral stump of the cut tibial nerve 11-12 months prior to the terminal experiment. 2. The activity of postganglionic sympathetic neurones was recorded from fine strands of the sural nerve proximal to the nerve lesion. Using a laser-Doppler device cutaneous blood flow was measured in the hairless skin of the hindpaw that was now reinnervated by the sural nerve. The results show a qualitative change of the reflex organization of sympathetic neurones following cross-union of these nerves. 3. Stimulation of arterial chemoreceptors by ventilating the animals with a hypoxic gas mixture (8% O2 in N2 for 3-8 min) increased the activity in twelve out of thirteen strands containing postganglionic sympathetic fibres. The increase of sympathetic activity contrasts with results from normal animals where systemic hypoxia causes a reflex decrease of activity in postganglionic fibres of the sural nerve. 4. Reflex changes of sympathetic activity were closely followed by corresponding changes of cutaneous blood flow. Systemic hypoxia produced vasoconstriction in operated animals in contrast to the vasodilatation observed in normal animals. 5. We conclude that the reflex organization of sympathetic neurones can change qualitatively following nerve lesion when sympathetic neurones regenerate and supply inappropriate target tissues. This long-lasting change reflects the plasticity of the autonomic nervous system and can produce a sustained abnormal control of reinnervated autonomic effector organs.

摘要

本研究调查了神经损伤和修复后交感神经元的反射组织及其对自主效应器器官的控制。一群明确的供应多毛皮肤血管的血管收缩神经元被迫支配一个包含一些合适但主要是不合适的自主效应器器官的区域。为此，在终末实验前11 - 12个月，将切断的腓肠神经的中枢残端缝合到切断的胫神经的外周残端。2. 节后交感神经元的活动从神经损伤近端的腓肠神经细丝中记录。使用激光多普勒装置测量后爪无毛皮肤的皮肤血流量，该区域现在由腓肠神经重新支配。结果显示这些神经交叉联合后交感神经元反射组织的质性变化。3. 用低氧气体混合物（氮气中8%氧气，持续3 - 8分钟）使动物通气刺激动脉化学感受器，在13条含有节后交感纤维的细丝中有12条的活动增加。交感神经活动的增加与正常动物的结果形成对比，在正常动物中全身缺氧会导致腓肠神经节后纤维的反射性活动减少。4. 交感神经活动的反射性变化紧接着皮肤血流量的相应变化。全身缺氧在手术动物中引起血管收缩，这与正常动物中观察到的血管舒张相反。5. 我们得出结论，当交感神经元再生并支配不合适的靶组织时，神经损伤后交感神经元的反射组织会发生质性变化。这种长期变化反映了自主神经系统的可塑性，并可对重新支配的自主效应器器官产生持续的异常控制。