Gallego J, Perruchet P
Laboratoire de Physiologie Respiratoire, Université Pierre-et-Marie Curie U. F. R. Broussais-Hôtel-Dieu, Paris, France.
Physiol Behav. 1991 Feb;49(2):315-9. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(91)90049-t.
Changes in orientation of attention and ventilatory data were examined in three normal volunteers who practiced a learned ventilatory pattern over eight training sessions. The breathing task was a voluntary increase of inspiratory duration up to a given target with the aid of informative feedback on this variable. The orientation of attention was investigated through reaction time (RT) to auditory stimuli presented at different points in inspiration and expiration, during either automatic or voluntary control of breathing. Findings show that RTs are longer during voluntary than automatic breathing throughout the experiment, and that they decrease across sessions in both conditions. In the first sessions, RTs were longer during expiration than inspiration but this difference cancels out in the last sessions. The results are discussed in terms of attentional demands of control of breathing, automatization, and the connection between automatic and voluntary control of breathing. This work shows that after eight practice sessions, the orientation of attention displays significant changes; however, the control of breathing remains attention demanding.
对三名正常志愿者进行了研究，他们在八次训练课程中练习了一种习得的通气模式，研究了注意力方向和通气数据的变化。呼吸任务是在关于该变量的信息反馈的帮助下，将吸气持续时间自愿增加到给定目标。通过对在吸气和呼气的不同时间点呈现的听觉刺激的反应时间（RT）来研究注意力方向，这些刺激是在呼吸的自动或自主控制期间呈现的。研究结果表明，在整个实验过程中，自主呼吸时的反应时间比自动呼吸时长，并且在两种情况下，反应时间在各次训练中均有所减少。在最初的训练课程中，呼气时的反应时间比吸气时长，但在最后的训练课程中这种差异消失了。从呼吸控制的注意力需求、自动化以及呼吸的自动控制和自主控制之间的联系等方面对结果进行了讨论。这项研究表明，经过八次练习课程后，注意力方向显示出显著变化；然而，呼吸控制仍然需要注意力。
