Allergy & Immunology Section, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana 71130-3932, USA.
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010 Aug;10(4):394-9.
To provide an overview on the role of gut mucosal immunity in the development of tolerance to food versus allergy to food.
The gastrointestinal tract, through innate and specific immunologic factors, acts as a defense against ingested antigens. In addition to the mucous membrane integrity and the digestion, numerous specific immunologic cells and mediators orchestrate such defensive mechanisms. In case of food antigens, the outcome is usually in favor of tolerance. Defects in that barrier, however, can lead to the development of aberrant immunologic responses, including hypersensitivity reactions.
The prevailing evidence is that healthy mucosal immunity plus appropriate feeding regimen during early infancy are in favor of food tolerance. However, in addition to genetic predisposition, development of allergy is facilitated by defects in the gut barrier (immune or nonimmune) and the food allergen load.
阐述肠道黏膜免疫在食物耐受和食物过敏发生中的作用。
胃肠道通过固有和特异免疫因素发挥作用，抵御摄入的抗原。除黏膜完整性和消化功能外，许多特异免疫细胞和介质也参与这种防御机制。对于食物抗原，通常倾向于诱导耐受。然而，该屏障缺陷可导致异常免疫反应，包括过敏反应。
目前的证据表明，健康的黏膜免疫和婴儿早期的适当喂养方案有利于食物耐受。然而，除遗传易感性外，肠道屏障（免疫或非免疫）缺陷和食物过敏原负荷也促进了过敏的发生。
