Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
J Psychosom Res. 2010 Jul;69(1):9-15. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2009.12.001. Epub 2010 Jan 21.
Idiopathic environmental intolerance (IEI) has in cross-sectional studies been associated with emotional problems and psychiatric disorders. However, in the absence of prospective studies it has not been possible to determine whether emotional problems precede the onset of IEI, or are a consequence of IEI. The purpose of this study was to address this issue in a prospective panel study design.
The study sample (n=10 275) responded to a postal survey that included five questions regarding annoyance from environmental factors, at baseline and at follow-up five years later. Associations between a number of self-rating scales of stress, subjective health, and working conditions at baseline on one hand, and development of environmental annoyance from baseline to follow-up on the other, were examined.
Participants having developed environmental annoyance between baseline and follow-up had at baseline reported more subjective health complaints, higher levels of stress, strain, and lack of recovery, more dissatisfaction with their work situation, and lower personal social support, compared to participants not developing environmental annoyance.
Elevated subjective health complaints, high stress in daily life and a strained work situation, all possible signs of sustained arousal, increase the risk of developing annoyance to environmental factors. The results fit the hypothesis that reduced subjective health, over the course of time, may be attributed to environmental factors.
在横断面研究中，特发性环境敏感（IEI）与情绪问题和精神障碍有关。然而，由于缺乏前瞻性研究，因此尚无法确定情绪问题是先于 IEI 发作出现，还是 IEI 的后果。本研究旨在通过前瞻性队列研究设计来解决这一问题。
研究样本（n=10275）对一项邮寄调查做出了回应，该调查包括五个关于环境因素引起的烦恼的问题，分别在基线和五年后的随访中进行。在基线时，一方面对各种自评量表的压力、主观健康和工作条件进行了评估，另一方面对从基线到随访期间环境烦恼的发展情况进行了评估，然后对两者之间的相关性进行了研究。
与没有出现环境烦恼的参与者相比，在基线到随访期间出现环境烦恼的参与者报告了更多的主观健康投诉、更高水平的压力、紧张和缺乏恢复、对工作状况的更多不满以及更低的个人社会支持。
升高的主观健康投诉、日常生活中的高压力和紧张的工作状况，这些可能是持续唤醒的迹象，增加了对环境因素产生烦恼的风险。研究结果符合这样一种假设，即随着时间的推移，主观健康状况的下降可能归因于环境因素。
