McEwen B S
Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021.
Trends Pharmacol Sci. 1991 Apr;12(4):141-7. doi: 10.1016/0165-6147(91)90531-v.
Steroid hormones are recognized as producing their major long-term effects on cell structure and function via intracellular receptors acting on the expression of genes. There is now increasing evidence that steroids also affect the surface of cells and alter ion permeability, as well as release of neurohormones and neurotransmitters. Progesterone appears to be one of the most active of the steroids, and its naturally produced metabolites and some synthetic analogs show activities that are different from the parent steroid. Other steroids, such as estrogens and adrenal steroids and their naturally produced and synthetic analogs, also show membrane effects. Bruce McEwen reviews evidence that synergistic interactions occur between non-genomic and genomic actions of steroids.
类固醇激素被认为主要通过作用于基因表达的细胞内受体对细胞结构和功能产生长期影响。现在越来越多的证据表明，类固醇还会影响细胞表面，改变离子通透性，以及影响神经激素和神经递质的释放。孕酮似乎是活性最强的类固醇之一，其天然产生的代谢产物和一些合成类似物表现出与母体类固醇不同的活性。其他类固醇，如雌激素、肾上腺类固醇及其天然产生的和合成的类似物，也表现出膜效应。布鲁斯·麦克尤恩综述了类固醇的非基因组和基因组作用之间存在协同相互作用的证据。
