全州范围的儿童疫苗接种计划对控制阿拉斯加甲型肝炎病毒感染的影响。
Impact of a statewide childhood vaccine program in controlling hepatitis A virus infections in Alaska.
机构信息
Arctic Investigations Program, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Anchorage, AK 99508, USA.
出版信息
Vaccine. 2010 Aug 31;28(38):6298-304. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.06.113. Epub 2010 Jul 15.
Historically, Alaska experienced cyclic hepatitis A virus (HAV) epidemics, and the HAV rate among Alaska Native people was significantly higher than among other racial/ethnic groups. We evaluated the impact of universal childhood vaccination, initiated in 1996, on HAV epidemiology in Alaska by analyzing HAV cases reported to the State of Alaska. HAV incidence in all age groups declined 98.6% from 60.0/100,000 in 1972-1995 to 0.9/100,000 in 2002-2007. The largest decrease (99.9%) was in Alaska Native people, whose incidence (0.3) in 2002-2007 was lower than the overall U.S. 2007 rate (1.0). Among age groups, the decrease (99.8%) among children aged 0-14 years was the largest. Routine childhood vaccination has nearly eliminated HAV infection in Alaska.
从历史上看，阿拉斯加曾经历过甲型肝炎病毒（HAV）的周期性流行，且阿拉斯加原住民中的 HAV 感染率明显高于其他种族/民族群体。我们通过分析向阿拉斯加州报告的 HAV 病例，评估了 1996 年开始实施的儿童普遍疫苗接种对阿拉斯加 HAV 流行病学的影响。所有年龄段的 HAV 发病率从 1972-1995 年的 60.0/100,000 下降了 98.6%，至 2002-2007 年的 0.9/100,000。阿拉斯加原住民的发病率降幅最大（99.9%），2002-2007 年的发病率（0.3）低于 2007 年美国的总体发病率（1.0）。在各年龄段中，0-14 岁儿童的发病率降幅最大（99.8%）。常规儿童疫苗接种几乎已在阿拉斯加消除了 HAV 感染。
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