Sorsdahl Katherine R, Mall Sumaya, Stein Dan J, Joska John A
Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, South Africa.
AIDS Care. 2010 Nov;22(11):1418-27. doi: 10.1080/09540121003758655.
Psychiatric disorders are more common in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) than in the general population and they exert a significant effect on many health-related outcomes. Low levels of mental health literacy and stigma may contribute to delayed treatment seeking and poorer outcomes. A convenience sample of 400 HIV-positive respondents were selected from three health clinics in Cape Town. Respondents' mental health literacy and attitudes towards psychiatric disorders were investigated. Psychiatric disorders were viewed as stress-related 70-91% of the time. Seeking help from a medical professional was often endorsed as an effective treatment option, while taking medication was rarely endorsed. Respondents held negative attitudes towards people with psychiatric disorders. In particular, people with substance abuse and PTSD were stigmatised more than those with depression and schizophrenia. The understanding of the psychobiological nature of psychiatric disorders and of existing effective treatments in PLWHA in South Africa is limited. Interventions designed to increase mental health literacy and reduce the stigma associated with psychiatric disorders may increase the likelihood of PLWHA seeking treatment should they suffer from these conditions.
精神疾病在感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的人群（PLWHA）中比在普通人群中更为常见，并且它们对许多与健康相关的结果产生重大影响。心理健康素养水平低和污名化可能导致寻求治疗的延迟和更差的结果。从开普敦的三家健康诊所选取了400名艾滋病毒呈阳性的受访者作为便利样本。调查了受访者的心理健康素养以及对精神疾病的态度。70%至91%的情况下，精神疾病被视为与压力相关。向医学专业人员寻求帮助通常被认可为一种有效的治疗选择，而服药很少被认可。受访者对患有精神疾病的人持消极态度。特别是，与患有抑郁症和精神分裂症的人相比，患有药物滥用和创伤后应激障碍的人受到的污名化更多。在南非，PLWHA对精神疾病的心理生物学本质以及现有有效治疗方法的理解有限。旨在提高心理健康素养并减少与精神疾病相关污名化的干预措施，可能会增加PLWHA在患有这些疾病时寻求治疗的可能性。
