Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425-0619, USA.
Am J Perinatol. 2011 Jan;28(1):7-12. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1262505. Epub 2010 Jul 16.
The objective was to determine the incidence of vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency in African-American, Hispanic, and Caucasian pregnant women. Blood samples were taken from 154 African-American, 194 Hispanic, and 146 Caucasian women at <14 weeks of gestation; 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels (25(OH)D) levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. The mean 25(OH)D levels in African-American, Hispanic, and Caucasian pregnant women were 15.5 ± 7.2 (standard deviation), 24.1 ± 8.7, 29.0 ± 8.5 ng/mL, respectively. Ninety-seven percent of African-Americans, 81% of Hispanics, and 67% of Caucasians were deficient (25(OH)D levels <20 ng/mL or <50 nmol/L) or insufficient (25(OH)D levels ≥ 20 ng/mL or <32 ng/mL or ≥ 50 nmol/L or <80 nmol/L). Of these pregnant women, 82% had vitamin D levels <32 ng/mL (<80 ng/mL). In logistic regression models, race was the most important risk factor for vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency. African-American women and Hispanic women were more likely to have vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency than Caucasian women. Furthermore, primigravid women were more at risk for vitamin D insufficiency. This study demonstrates widespread vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in pregnant females living at a southern latitude. African-Americans are at greatest risk.
目的是确定非裔美国、西班牙裔和白种人孕妇维生素 D 缺乏、不足和充足的发生率。在妊娠 14 周之前，从 154 名非裔美国、194 名西班牙裔和 146 名白种孕妇中抽取了血液样本；通过放射免疫测定法测量了 25 羟维生素 D 水平（25(OH)D）。非裔美国、西班牙裔和白种孕妇的平均 25(OH)D 水平分别为 15.5 ± 7.2（标准差）、24.1 ± 8.7、29.0 ± 8.5ng/mL。97%的非裔美国人、81%的西班牙裔和 67%的白种人缺乏（25(OH)D 水平 <20ng/mL 或 <50nmol/L）或不足（25(OH)D 水平≥20ng/mL 或 <32ng/mL 或≥50nmol/L 或 <80nmol/L）。这些孕妇中有 82%的维生素 D 水平<32ng/mL（<80ng/mL）。在逻辑回归模型中，种族是维生素 D 缺乏或不足的最重要危险因素。非裔美国女性和西班牙裔女性比白种女性更容易出现维生素 D 不足和缺乏。此外，初产妇发生维生素 D 不足的风险更高。这项研究表明，生活在南纬地区的孕妇普遍存在维生素 D 缺乏和不足。非裔美国人面临最大的风险。
