Xhignesse M, Lussier-Cacan S, Sing C F, Kessling A M, Davignon J
Hyperlipidemia and Atherosclerosis Research Group, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Arterioscler Thromb. 1991 Jul-Aug;11(4):1100-10. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.11.4.1100.
Five-hundred seventy-five white-collar workers (374 men; 99% Caucasians) aged 20-59 years were selected on the basis of their being healthy and clinically free from cardiovascular risk factors (except smoking and family history). We have observed a higher relative frequency of the epsilon 3 allele in this population, as is true of populations with a low prevalence of coronary heart disease. Each of the 11 plasma lipid and lipoprotein traits studied was adjusted for age, weight, height, body mass index, plasma glucose, and uric acid in men and women separately. The influence of each of the three common apo E alleles on each adjusted trait was evaluated by use of the average excess statistic. We established that in a population selected for health, the epsilon 2 allele is associated with lower plasma levels of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B associated with LDL cholesterol in both men and women. Conversely, the epsilon 4 allele is associated with higher levels of these traits in women only. In contrast to the findings in populations not selected for health, the presence of the epsilon 2 allele in our subjects tended to be associated with lower and the epsilon 4 allele with higher plasma triglyceride levels. Finally and of particular note, the influence of the apolipoprotein E polymorphism on plasma measures of LDL metabolism is different in men and women. Specifically, the influence of the epsilon 4 allele is of greater magnitude in women. A part of this gender difference in allele effects on LDL metabolism in women is associated with the use of oral contraceptives and postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy.
选取了575名年龄在20至59岁之间的白领（374名男性；99%为高加索人），入选标准为身体健康且临床上无心血管危险因素（吸烟和家族病史除外）。我们观察到该人群中ε3等位基因的相对频率较高，冠心病患病率较低的人群也是如此。对所研究的11种血浆脂质和脂蛋白特征，分别针对男性和女性的年龄、体重、身高、体重指数、血浆葡萄糖和尿酸进行了校正。利用平均超额统计量评估了三种常见载脂蛋白E等位基因对每种校正特征的影响。我们确定，在因健康状况而入选的人群中，ε2等位基因与男性和女性血浆总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇以及与LDL胆固醇相关的载脂蛋白B水平较低有关。相反，ε4等位基因仅与女性中这些特征的较高水平有关。与未因健康状况入选的人群中的发现不同，我们研究对象中ε2等位基因的存在往往与较低的血浆甘油三酯水平有关，而ε4等位基因则与较高的血浆甘油三酯水平有关。最后且特别值得注意的是，载脂蛋白E多态性对LDL代谢血浆指标的影响在男性和女性中有所不同。具体而言，ε4等位基因对女性的影响更大。女性等位基因对LDL代谢影响的这种性别差异部分与口服避孕药和绝经后激素替代疗法的使用有关。
