Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Korea.
Korean J Anesthesiol. 2010 Jul;59(1):3-8. doi: 10.4097/kjae.2010.59.1.3. Epub 2010 Jul 21.
General anesthetics produce a widespread neurodepression in the central nervous system by enhancing inhibitory neurotransmission and reducing excitatory neurotransmission. However, the action mechanisms of general anesthetics are not completely understood. Moreover, the general anesthetic state comprises multiple components (amnesia, unconsciousness, analgesia, and immobility), each of which is mediated by different receptors and neuronal pathways. Recently, neurotransmitter- and voltage-gated ion channels have emerged as the most likely molecular targets for general anesthetics. The gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA(A)) receptors are leading candidates as a primary target of general anesthetics. This review summarizes current knowledge on how anesthetics modify GABA(A) receptor function.
全身麻醉通过增强抑制性神经传递和减少兴奋性神经传递，在中枢神经系统中产生广泛的神经抑制。然而，全身麻醉剂的作用机制尚不完全清楚。此外，全身麻醉状态包含多个组成部分（遗忘、无意识、镇痛和不动），每个组成部分都由不同的受体和神经元途径介导。最近，神经递质和电压门控离子通道已成为全身麻醉剂最有可能的分子靶标。γ-氨基丁酸 A 型（GABA(A))受体是作为全身麻醉剂的主要靶标之一。本综述总结了目前关于麻醉剂如何调节 GABA(A)受体功能的知识。
