Department of Psychology, Faculty of Letters, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Psychol Res. 2011 May;75(3):179-87. doi: 10.1007/s00426-010-0300-9. Epub 2010 Jul 21.
This study reports a novel visual aftereffect for photorealism judgments. Participants observed image sequences where a photograph was gradually transformed into an artificial image (a painting or a sketch). Their task was to choose the image that was the category boundary between the photograph and the artificial image among the frames of each image sequence. This task was performed before and after observing photographs or artificial images for 1 min. The chosen images were less photorealistic after the observation of artificial images, suggesting an aftereffect for photorealism judgments. However, observation of photographs did not induce an aftereffect. It is known that the observation of the norms for perceptual judgments (e.g., the prototypical face for facial judgments) does not induce aftereffects. Thus, these results suggest that photorealistic images serve as the norm for the perceptual judgment of photorealism. The human visual system may represent the photorealism of artificial images as a deviation from photorealistic images.
本研究报告了一种用于逼真度判断的新的视觉后效。参与者观察图像序列，其中一张照片逐渐转变为人工图像（绘画或素描）。他们的任务是在每个图像序列的帧中选择处于照片和人工图像之间类别的边界的图像。在观察照片或人工图像 1 分钟前后执行此任务。在观察人工图像后，选择的图像的逼真度较低，这表明逼真度判断存在后效。然而，观察照片不会引起后效。众所周知，观察知觉判断的规范（例如，面部判断的典型面孔）不会引起后效。因此，这些结果表明，逼真的图像可作为逼真度知觉判断的规范。人类视觉系统可能将人工图像的逼真度表示为与逼真图像的偏差。
