Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Hermiston, OR 97838, USA.
Phytochemistry. 2010 Oct;71(14-15):1615-24. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.06.022. Epub 2010 Jul 23.
Thiamine diphosphate (vitamin B(1)) plays a fundamental role as an enzymatic cofactor in universal metabolic pathways including glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. In addition, thiamine diphosphate has recently been shown to have functions other than as a cofactor in response to abiotic and biotic stress in plants. Recently, several steps of the plant thiamine biosynthetic pathway have been characterized, and a mechanism of feedback regulation of thiamine biosynthesis via riboswitch has been unraveled. This review focuses on these most recent advances made in our understanding of thiamine metabolism and functions in plants. Phenotypes of plant mutants affected in thiamine biosynthesis are described, and genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics data that have increased further our knowledge of plant thiamine metabolic pathways and functions are summarized. Aspects of thiamine metabolism such as catabolism, salvage, and transport in plants are discussed.
硫胺素二磷酸（维生素 B(1)）作为一种酶辅因子，在包括糖酵解、磷酸戊糖途径和三羧酸循环在内的普遍代谢途径中发挥着基本作用。此外，硫胺素二磷酸最近被证明除了在植物应对非生物和生物胁迫时作为辅因子之外，还有其他功能。最近，植物硫胺素生物合成途径的几个步骤已经被描述，并且通过核糖开关反馈调节硫胺素生物合成的机制也已经被揭示。这篇综述重点介绍了我们在理解植物硫胺素代谢和功能方面的最新进展。描述了受硫胺素生物合成影响的植物突变体的表型，并总结了基因组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学数据，这些数据进一步增加了我们对植物硫胺素代谢途径和功能的了解。还讨论了植物中硫胺素代谢的一些方面，如分解代谢、回收和运输。
