State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2010 Sep 15;408(20):4607-12. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.06.059. Epub 2010 Jul 23.
Emissions of mercury (Hg) to air have regional and global impacts through long range transport in the atmosphere. Primary Zn production is regarded as an important anthropogenic Hg source in China, but research on its Hg emission is limited. To gain a better understanding of Hg emissions from Zn production activities in China, field investigations at four industrial-scale Zn production plants using electrostatic process with Hg removal (HP-WR), electrostatic process without Hg removal (HP-WOR), retort Zn production (RZ), imperial smelting process (ISP), and one artisanal Zn smelting process (AZ) were carried out. In the investigation, Hg emission factors are defined as how much Hg was emitted to the atmosphere per ton Zn produced during various Zn production methods and were estimated by using mass balance method. The results showed that the estimated Hg emission factors of Zn production were 5.7+/-4.0 g Hg t(-1) Zn for HP-WR, 31+/-22 g Hg t(-1) Zn for HP-WOR, 34+/-71 g Hg t(-1) Zn for RZ, 122+/-122 g Hg t(-1) Zn g t(-1) for ISP, and 75+/-115 g Hg t(-1) Zn for AZ. Approximately 80.7-104.2 t year(-1) of Hg was emitted to atmosphere from primary Zn production during the period of 2002-2006 in China.
汞（Hg）排放到大气中，通过大气中的长距离传输，会对区域和全球产生影响。原生锌生产被认为是中国人为汞源的重要来源，但对其汞排放的研究有限。为了更好地了解中国锌生产活动中的汞排放情况，对采用静电除汞（HP-WR）、静电除汞（HP-WOR）、蒸馏锌生产（RZ）、鼓风炉工艺（ISP）和一个手工锌冶炼工艺（AZ）的四个工业规模锌生产厂进行了实地调查。在调查中，汞排放因子被定义为在各种锌生产方法中，每生产一吨锌向大气中排放的汞量，并通过质量平衡法进行估算。结果表明，估算的锌生产汞排放因子为：HP-WR 为 5.7+/-4.0 g Hg t(-1) Zn，HP-WOR 为 31+/-22 g Hg t(-1) Zn，RZ 为 34+/-71 g Hg t(-1) Zn，ISP 为 122+/-122 g Hg t(-1) Zn g t(-1)，AZ 为 75+/-115 g Hg t(-1) Zn。2002-2006 年期间，中国原生锌生产向大气中排放的汞约为 80.7-104.2 吨/年。
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