Ollberding Nicholas Jay, Wolf Randi L, Contento Isobel
Program in Nutrition, Department of Health and Behavior Studies, Teacher's College, Columbia University, 525 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2010 Aug;110(8):1233-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2010.05.007.
Rates of diet-related chronic disease combined with the lack of current data on patterns of food label use by the US population warrant re-examination of the use and potential influence of this public health tool. The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of food label use and the association between food label use and nutrient intake in a nationally representative sample of US adults who participated in the 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Data on food label use were collected during the interview portion of the survey, and nutrient intake was estimated using the average of two 24-hour dietary recalls. In this sample, 61.6% of participants reported using the Nutrition Facts panel, 51.6% looked at the list of ingredients, 47.2% looked at serving size, and 43.8% reviewed health claims at least sometimes when deciding to purchase a food product. There were significant differences (P<0.05) in food label use across all demographic characteristics examined. Significant differences (P<0.05) in mean nutrient intake of total energy, total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, sodium, dietary fiber, and sugars were observed between food label users and non-users with label users reporting healthier nutrient consumption. The greatest differences observed were for total energy and fat and for use of specific nutrient information on the food label. Despite food label use being associated with improved dietary factors, label use alone is not expected to be sufficient in modifying behavior ultimately leading to improved health outcomes.
与饮食相关的慢性病发病率，再加上目前缺乏关于美国人群食品标签使用模式的数据，这就需要重新审视这一公共卫生工具的使用及其潜在影响。本研究的目的是描述参与2005 - 2006年国家健康和营养检查调查的具有全国代表性的美国成年人样本中食品标签的使用情况，以及食品标签使用与营养摄入之间的关联。食品标签使用数据在调查的访谈部分收集，营养摄入通过两次24小时饮食回忆的平均值进行估算。在这个样本中，61.6%的参与者报告使用营养成分表，51.6%查看成分列表，47.2%查看食用份量，43.8%在决定购买食品时至少有时会查看健康声明。在所研究的所有人口统计学特征中，食品标签的使用存在显著差异（P<0.05）。食品标签使用者和非使用者之间在总能量、总脂肪、饱和脂肪、胆固醇、钠、膳食纤维和糖的平均营养摄入量方面存在显著差异（P<0.05），标签使用者报告的营养消费更健康。观察到的最大差异在于总能量和脂肪，以及食品标签上特定营养信息的使用。尽管食品标签的使用与改善饮食因素相关，但仅靠标签使用预计不足以改变行为，最终带来健康状况的改善。
