易损斑块破裂：microRNAs 指挥的管弦乐队？
Rupture of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques: microRNAs conducting the orchestra?
机构信息
Cardiovascular Imaging Group Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
出版信息
Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2010 Feb;20(2):65-71. doi: 10.1016/j.tcm.2010.04.002.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are tiny, endogenous nucleotides that bind to mRNA and induce translation repression within metazoan cells. Since their discovery in 1993 in Caenorhabditis elegans and the demonstration of miRNAs in Homo sapiens in 2000, research has been fruitful in deciphering the role of these nucleotides in development, tissue homeostasis, and pathologic processes. In humans, around 700 human miRNA nucleotides have been verified, which interfere with 30% of all genes. Recently, the role of miRNA in cardiovascular research gained attention and the involvement of miRNAs in several cardiovascular diseases has been identified. In this review, we focus on the role of miRNAs in atherosclerosis and in particular on the potential role of miRNAs in the development of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques. The role of miRNA in the main characteristics of these plaques, inflammation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis will be discussed. Finally, the future perspectives and miRNA-based diagnostic and therapeutic potentials will be highlighted.
微小 RNA（miRNAs）是一种微小的内源性核苷酸，可与 mRNA 结合，并在后生动物细胞中诱导翻译抑制。自 1993 年在秀丽隐杆线虫中发现 miRNA 以来，2000 年在人类中证明了 miRNA 的存在，研究已经在破译这些核苷酸在发育、组织稳态和病理过程中的作用方面取得了丰硕的成果。在人类中，已经验证了约 700 个人类 miRNA 核苷酸，它们可以干扰所有基因的 30%。最近，miRNA 在心血管研究中的作用引起了关注，并且已经确定了 miRNA 参与了几种心血管疾病。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了 miRNA 在动脉粥样硬化中的作用，特别是 miRNA 在易损性动脉粥样硬化斑块形成中的潜在作用。将讨论 miRNA 在这些斑块的主要特征中的作用，包括炎症、血管生成和细胞凋亡。最后，将强调 miRNA 的未来前景和基于 miRNA 的诊断和治疗潜力。
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