Division of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, 9N-957, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada.
Expert Rev Respir Med. 2010 Aug;4(4):491-8. doi: 10.1586/ers.10.39.
Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) is an evolving diagnostic tool in respiratory medicine that allows the bronchoscopist to see beyond the airway. The radial probe EBUS was first introduced to evaluate the central airway structure. With advances in technology, the small radial probes can now visualize and assist transbronchial biopsies of peripheral lung nodules without exposure to radiation. The newest development is the convex probe EBUS (CP-EBUS) consisting of a curvilinear electronic transducer on the tip of a flexible bronchovideoscope. CP-EBUS allows real-time EBUS-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA). EBUS-TBNA has access to all of the mediastinal lymph nodes accessible by mediastinoscopy as well as N1 nodes. EBUS-TBNA is primarily used for lymph-node staging and diagnosis of lung cancer, but is also used for the diagnosis of unexplained mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy. It is a minimally invasive approach that is safe and has a good diagnostic yield.
支气管内超声（EBUS）是呼吸医学中一种不断发展的诊断工具，使支气管镜医生能够看到气道以外的部位。径向探头 EBUS 最初用于评估中央气道结构。随着技术的进步，现在小的径向探头可以在不接触辐射的情况下可视化并协助经支气管肺活检周边肺结节。最新的发展是凸面探头 EBUS（CP-EBUS），它由一个灵活的支气管镜顶端上的一个曲线电子换能器组成。CP-EBUS 允许实时 EBUS 引导下经支气管针吸活检（EBUS-TBNA）。EBUS-TBNA 可以进入纵隔镜检查可触及的所有纵隔淋巴结以及 N1 淋巴结。EBUS-TBNA 主要用于肺癌的淋巴结分期和诊断，但也用于不明原因的纵隔和肺门淋巴结肿大的诊断。它是一种安全且具有良好诊断效果的微创方法。
