Herth Felix J F
Front Radiat Ther Oncol. 2010;42:55-62. doi: 10.1159/000262460. Epub 2009 Nov 24.
Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) has emerged as a new diagnostic tool that allows the bronchoscopist to see beyond the airway. The radial probe EBUS was first introduced to evaluate the airway structure, which has been shown to be useful for identifying the extent of tumor invasion in the central airway. The newest development is the convex EBUS-TBNA scope with a curvilinear electronic transducer on the tip of a flexible videoscope. Linear EBUS allows a real-time EBUS-guided TBNA. Although the main indication for EBUS-TBNA is lymph node staging, it can also be used for diagnosis of intrapulmonary tumors, of unknown hilar and/or mediastinal lymphadenopathy, and of mediastinal tumors. To date, there are no reports of complications related to EBUS-guided TBNA. It is a novel approach that has a good diagnostic yield with excellent potential in assisting safe and accurate diagnostic interventional bronchoscopy. The aim of this review is to highlight the current status of the EBUS-TBNA technique and to discuss the future direction of EBUS.
支气管内超声（EBUS）已成为一种新的诊断工具，使支气管镜检查医师能够观察气道以外的情况。径向探头EBUS最初用于评估气道结构，已证明其有助于确定中央气道肿瘤浸润的范围。最新进展是凸阵EBUS-TBNA探头，其在可弯曲视频镜的尖端配备了曲线电子换能器。线性EBUS可实现实时EBUS引导下的经支气管针吸活检（TBNA）。虽然EBUS-TBNA的主要适应证是淋巴结分期，但它也可用于诊断肺内肿瘤、不明原因的肺门和/或纵隔淋巴结肿大以及纵隔肿瘤。迄今为止，尚无关于EBUS引导下TBNA相关并发症的报道。这是一种新方法，诊断阳性率良好，在协助安全准确的诊断性介入支气管镜检查方面具有巨大潜力。本综述的目的是强调EBUS-TBNA技术的现状，并讨论EBUS的未来发展方向。
