[Tooth germ transplantation or gap closure--a comparative study in the loss of the first molar].

In our study 37 transplanted and 33 mesialized molars by orthodontics were clinically and radiologically compared. The teeth moved by orthodontics showed a better long-term prognosis. As vital teeth with functioning periodontal structures and only slightly shortened roots they were equivalent to healthy teeth. However, the disadvantage of orthodontic space closure is the requirement of a good compliance due to long treatment time. The prognosis of maintaining a transplanted tooth germ is uncertain. One third of the teeth showed an altered periodontium with resorption areas. The danger of a continuing resorption, as well as a late external resorption is still a risk after a long period of time and can eventually lead to tooth loss. As a treatment alternative, germ transplantation may serve as a replacement of a single missing 6-year-molar in adolescence. Orthodontic space closure is indicated at any age with an existing dysgnathia, the loss of several first molars, the loss of space and mesial tipping of the second molars.