Kekkaku. 2010 Jun;85(6):561-4.
The standard treatment of tuberculosis (TB) is the key to its control. Here we report on the statistics of treatment history and initial regimen for treating TB in 2008. The frequency of retreatment among newly notified TB patients might be partly a indicator of previous insufficient treatment. In 2008, 24,760 TB patients were newly notified. Of those, 1,836 cases were reported as having had previous treatment and 424 cases were reported as unknown treatment history. The proportion of retreatment was 7.5%, excluding those of unknown treatment history. The proportion of retreatment among newly notified TB patients increased with age from their 20s (4.0%) to their 70s (9.4%). Regarding the year of previous treatment, the number of cases having received previous treatment in 2007 was the most cases (n = 187). The total number of cases whose previous treatment had begun in 2007 or 2008 was 220, i.e. 12.0% of all retreatment cases in 2008. On the other hand, the number of cases having received previous treatment in 1950s was also significant (n = 234, 12.7%). As initial treatment regimen, the combination of INH, RFP, PZA+EB/SM is recommended by Japanese Society for Tuberculosis. This regimen was initially used in 79.1% of all forms of TB patients aged 15-79 years old, excluding those cases whose treatment regimen was unknown. The data on duration of having actually received PZA was adopted to add to the central TB surveillance database from 2007. The number of cases who started TB treatment including PZA in 2007 was 15,282. Of those, 11,817 cases had completed TB treatment by the end of 2008, but 8.4% of them could not take PZA fully for 2 months.
结核病(TB)的标准治疗是控制该病的关键。在此,我们报告2008年结核病治疗史及初始治疗方案的统计数据。新报告的结核病患者中复治的频率可能部分反映了之前治疗不足的情况。2008年,新报告了24,760例结核病患者。其中,1,836例报告有既往治疗史,424例报告治疗史不明。排除治疗史不明的患者后,复治比例为7.5%。新报告的结核病患者中复治比例随年龄增长而增加,从20多岁(4.0%)到70多岁(9.4%)。关于既往治疗年份,2007年接受过既往治疗的病例数最多(n = 187)。既往治疗始于2007年或2008年的病例总数为220例,即2008年所有复治病例的12.0%。另一方面,20世纪50年代接受过既往治疗的病例数也较多(n = 234,12.7%)。作为初始治疗方案,日本结核病协会推荐使用异烟肼(INH)、利福平(RFP)、吡嗪酰胺(PZA)+乙胺丁醇(EB)/链霉素(SM)的联合方案。该方案最初在15 - 79岁的所有类型结核病患者中使用比例为79.1%,排除治疗方案不明的病例。2007年开始将实际接受吡嗪酰胺治疗的时长数据纳入中央结核病监测数据库。2007年开始结核病治疗且包含吡嗪酰胺的病例数为15,282例。其中,11,817例在2008年底完成了结核病治疗,但其中8.4%的患者未能足疗程服用吡嗪酰胺2个月。