[Tuberculosis annual report 2010 - (8) treatment of tuberculosis-1].

The standard treatment of tuberculosis (TB) is the key to its control. Here, we report statistics relating to treatment history and first-line anti-TB therapy in the year 2010. The frequency of retreatment among newly notified TB patients might be partly an indicator of previous insufficient treatment. In 2010, 23,261 TB patients were newly notified. Of these, 1,762 cases were reported as having had previous TB treatment. The proportion of retreatment among newly notified cases was 7.7%, excluding those with an unknown treatment history. Regarding the year of previous treatment, more cases had undergone prior anti-TB therapy in 2009 (n=197). As for the initial treatment regimen, a combination of isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RFP), pyrazinamide (PZA), and ethambutol (EB) or streptomycin (SM) is recommended by the Japanese Society for Tuberculosis. This regimen was initially used in 80.0% of all TB patients aged 15-79 years, excluding those cases with an unknown treatment regimen. Of the 14,922 cases who started a TB treatment regimen including PZA and completed TB treatment by the end of 2010, 10.0% could not complete the full 2-month course of PZA.