在用力状态下跑步对下肢运动学和关节时序的影响。

The effects of running in an exerted state on lower extremity kinematics and joint timing.

机构信息

Department of Physical Therapy, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.

出版信息

J Biomech. 2010 Nov 16;43(15):2993-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.07.001.

Abstract

Runners rarely run to the point of maximum fatigue or exhaustion. However, no studies have investigated how the level of exertion associated with a typical running session influences running mechanics. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects that running in an exerted state had on the kinematics and joint timing within the lower extremity of uninjured, recreational runners. Twenty runners performed a prolonged treadmill run at a self-selected pace that best represented each runner's typical training run. The run ended based on heart rate or perceived exertion levels that represented a typical training run. Kinematics and joint timing between the foot, knee, and hip were analyzed at the beginning and end of the run. Increases were primarily observed at the end of the run for the peak angles, excursions, and peak velocities of eversion, tibial internal rotation, and knee internal rotation. No differences were observed for knee flexion, hip internal rotation, or any joint timing relationship. Based on these results, runners demonstrated subtle changes in kinematics in the exerted state, most notably for eversion. However, runners were able to maintain joint timing throughout the leg, which may have been a function of the knee. Thus, uninjured runners normally experience small alterations in kinematics when running with typical levels of exertion. It remains unknown how higher levels of exertion influence kinematics with joint timing and the association with running injuries, or how populations with running injuries respond to typical levels of exertion.

摘要

跑步者很少会跑到最大疲劳或力竭的程度。然而,目前还没有研究调查与典型跑步过程相关的运动强度如何影响跑步力学。本研究的目的是调查在费力状态下跑步对未受伤的休闲跑步者下肢运动学和关节时序的影响。20 名跑步者以自我选择的速度在跑步机上进行长时间跑步,该速度最能代表每个跑步者的典型训练跑。跑步结束的依据是心率或代表典型训练跑的感知用力水平。在跑步开始和结束时分析脚、膝盖和臀部之间的运动学和关节时序。在跑步结束时,外展、胫骨内旋和膝内旋的最大角度、幅度和最大速度主要增加。膝盖弯曲、髋关节内旋或任何关节时序关系没有差异。基于这些结果,跑步者在费力状态下表现出运动学的细微变化,最明显的是外展。然而,跑步者能够在整个腿部保持关节时序,这可能是膝关节的功能。因此,未受伤的跑步者在以典型的运动强度跑步时通常会经历运动学的微小变化。目前尚不清楚更高的运动强度如何影响关节时序的运动学以及与跑步损伤的关联,也不知道有跑步损伤的人群如何对典型的运动强度做出反应。

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