Department of Neurological Sciences, Dino Ferrari Centre, University of Milan, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Foundation, Milan, Italy.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2010 Nov;67(22):3837-47. doi: 10.1007/s00018-010-0463-y. Epub 2010 Jul 29.
Motor neuron diseases (MNDs) are a group of neurological disorders that selectively affect motor neurons. There are currently no cures or efficacious treatments for these diseases. In recent years, significant developments in stem cell research have been applied to MNDs, particularly regarding neuroprotection and cell replacement. However, a consistent source of motor neurons for cell replacement is required. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) could provide an inexhaustible supply of differentiated cell types, including motor neurons that could be used for MND therapies. Recently, it has been demonstrated that induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells may serve as an alternative source of motor neurons, since they share ES characteristics, self-renewal, and the potential to differentiate into any somatic cell type. In this review, we discuss several reproducible methods by which hESCs or iPS cells are efficiently isolated and differentiated into functional motor neurons, and possible clinical applications.
运动神经元病（MNDs）是一组选择性影响运动神经元的神经退行性疾病。目前，这些疾病尚无治愈或有效的治疗方法。近年来，干细胞研究的重大进展已应用于 MNDs，特别是在神经保护和细胞替代方面。然而，需要有一致的运动神经元来源用于细胞替代。人类胚胎干细胞（hESCs）可以提供无尽的分化细胞类型来源，包括可用于 MND 治疗的运动神经元。最近已经证明，诱导多能干细胞（iPS）可以作为运动神经元的另一种来源，因为它们具有 ES 特征、自我更新和分化为任何体细胞类型的潜力。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了几种可重复的方法，通过这些方法可以有效地从 hESCs 或 iPS 细胞中分离出来并分化为功能性运动神经元，以及可能的临床应用。
