Department of Zoology, University of Colombo, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2011 May;60(4):690-6. doi: 10.1007/s00244-010-9577-3. Epub 2010 Jul 29.
This study investigates the effects of continuous exposure to a widely used organophosphate pesticide, chlorpyrifos, on survival, growth, development, and activity of larvae of the Asian common toad, Duttaphrynus melanostictus Schneider 1799. Larvae were continuously exposed to six different concentrations (1-1,500 μg l(-1)) of commercial-grade chlorpyrifos for 14 days and monitored for 1 additional week. Chlorpyrifos at ≥1,000 μg l(-1) caused significantly high and dose-dependent mortality, and the weekly LC50(7 day-21 day) values ranged from 3,003 to 462 μg l(-1). Larvae surviving exposure to ≥500 μg l(-1) chlorpyrifos showed significant growth impairment, delays in metamorphosis, and decreased swimming activity. Tail abnormalities were the most common morphologic deformity at concentrations of 1,000 and 1,500 μg l(-1) chlorpyrifos. The findings of the present study highlight the need to recognize the potential risk that agrochemicals pose to amphibians inhabiting agricultural landscapes in Sri Lanka and other Asian countries.
本研究调查了广泛使用的有机磷农药毒死蜱对亚洲蟾蜍（Duttaphrynus melanostictus Schneider 1799）幼虫的存活、生长、发育和活动的持续暴露的影响。幼虫连续暴露于六种不同浓度（1-1500μg l(-1)) 的商用级毒死蜱中 14 天，并监测了 1 周。≥1000μg l(-1)的毒死蜱导致显著的高剂量和剂量依赖性死亡率，每周 LC50（7 天至 21 天）值范围为 3003 至 462μg l(-1)。存活于≥500μg l(-1) 毒死蜱暴露的幼虫表现出明显的生长受损、变态延迟和游泳活动减少。在 1000μg l(-1)和 1500μg l(-1) 浓度的毒死蜱中，最常见的形态畸形是尾巴异常。本研究的结果强调了需要认识到农用化学品对栖息在斯里兰卡和其他亚洲国家农业景观中的两栖动物所构成的潜在风险。
