Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
Laryngoscope. 2010 Sep;120(9):1756-72. doi: 10.1002/lary.20936.
To review evidence for the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the etiology of oropharyngeal cancers, methods of viral detection, and the resulting clinical implications.
Contemporary review.
Published journal articles identified through PubMed and conference proceedings were reviewed.
HPV-associated squamous cell carcinomas represent a distinct disease entity from carcinogen-associated squamous cell carcinomas. HPV oncoproteins lead to mucosal cell transformation through well-defined mechanisms. Different methods of detecting HPV exist with variable levels of sensitivity and specificity for biologically active virus. Although virus is detected in a number of head and neck subsites, studies demonstrate improved outcomes in HPV-associated carcinoma of the oropharynx only. The cell cycle regulatory protein p16 is upregulated by biologically active HPV and serves as a biomarker of improved response to therapy.
HPV-associated squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx is a biologically distinct entity from carcinogen-associated carcinoma. Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind the improved outcomes in patients with HPV-associated oropharyngeal carcinoma may lead to novel therapeutics for patients with carcinogen-associated carcinomas.
综述人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）在口咽癌病因学、病毒检测方法及由此产生的临床意义中的作用的证据。
当代综述。
通过 PubMed 和会议记录检索已发表的期刊文章进行综述。
HPV 相关的鳞状细胞癌与致癌物相关的鳞状细胞癌是一种截然不同的疾病实体。HPV 致癌蛋白通过明确的机制导致黏膜细胞转化。目前存在多种 HPV 检测方法，但对有生物活性的病毒的敏感性和特异性存在差异。尽管病毒在许多头颈部亚部位均可检测到，但研究仅表明 HPV 相关口咽癌的预后改善。细胞周期调节蛋白 p16 被有生物活性的 HPV 上调，可作为治疗反应改善的生物标志物。
HPV 相关的口咽鳞状细胞癌是一种与致癌物相关的癌在生物学上不同的实体。了解 HPV 相关口咽癌患者预后改善背后的分子机制，可能为致癌物相关的癌患者带来新的治疗方法。
