Merbl Yael, Kelmer Efrat, Shipov Anna, Golani Yael, Segev Gilad, Yudelevitch Sigal, Klainbart Sigal
Department of Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care, Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2010 Aug 1;237(3):299-303. doi: 10.2460/javma.237.3.299.
A 15-kg (33-lb) pregnant female mixed-breed dog of unknown age was referred because of a 10-day history of difficulty breathing.
Physical examination findings were dyspnea, tachypnea, decreased bronchovesicular sounds (bilateral), muffled heart sounds, and abdominal distention with palpable fetuses. Hematologic abnormalities included anemia, leukocytosis, and thrombocytosis. Abnormalities detected during serum biochemical analysis included decreases in concentrations of albumin, sodium, triglycerides, and total calcium and increases in activities of alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase. Thoracic radiography revealed a diaphragmatic hernia with fetuses and a soft tissue or fluid opacity within the thoracic cavity.
Exploratory celiotomy, ovariohysterectomy, partial sternotomy, placement of a right-sided thoracostomy tube, and herniorrhaphy were performed. After surgery, pneumothorax developed, and the thoracostomy tube was used to remove pleural effusion and free air. The pneumothorax did not resolve after continuous drainage of the thoracic cavity for 4 days. Autologous blood pleurodesis was performed by infusion of 80 mL (6 mL/kg [2.73 mL/lb]) of whole blood. The pneumothorax resolved immediately after injection of the blood.
Blood pleurodesis was used for resolution of pneumothorax in a dog after correction of a diaphragmatic hernia. Blood pleurodesis may provide a simple, safe, and inexpensive medical treatment for resolution of persistent (duration>5 days) pneumothorax when surgery is not an option.
一只体重15千克（33磅）、年龄不详的怀孕杂种雌性犬因呼吸困难10天前来就诊。
体格检查发现呼吸急促、呼吸频率加快、双侧支气管肺泡呼吸音减弱、心音低沉以及腹部膨隆且可触及胎儿。血液学异常包括贫血、白细胞增多和血小板增多。血清生化分析检测到的异常包括白蛋白、钠、甘油三酯和总钙浓度降低，以及碱性磷酸酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、γ-谷氨酰转移酶、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、乳酸脱氢酶和肌酸激酶活性升高。胸部X线摄影显示膈疝伴胎儿，胸腔内有软组织或液体密度影。
进行了剖腹探查术、卵巢子宫切除术、部分胸骨切开术、右侧胸腔闭式引流管置入术和疝修补术。术后发生气胸，使用胸腔闭式引流管排出胸腔积液和游离气体。持续胸腔引流4天后气胸仍未缓解。通过输注80毫升（6毫升/千克[2.73毫升/磅]）全血进行自体血胸膜固定术。注入血液后气胸立即缓解。
在一只犬纠正膈疝后，使用血液胸膜固定术来解决气胸问题。当手术不可行时，血液胸膜固定术可为解决持续性（持续时间>5天）气胸提供一种简单、安全且廉价的治疗方法。
