Key Laboratory for Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration of National Environmental Protection, Department of Environmental Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2010 Sep 15;408(20):4549-55. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.07.022. Epub 2010 Jul 29.
Interspecies correlations allow the prediction of toxicity to a number of other species. However, little attention has been paid to the theoretical considerations of the interspecies relationship based on the differences of bio-uptake and toxic mechanism between species. This study examines the interspecies correlations of toxicity between species of Vibrio fischeri, river bacteria, algae, Daphnia magna, carp, Tetrahymena pyriformis, fathead minnow and guppy based on the theoretical background. The results show that there are good interspecies correlations between marine bacterium and fresh water bacteria or fish and fish. It is suggested that compounds share the same bio-uptake and toxic mechanism of action between the species. On the other hand, poor interspecies relationships were found between toxicities to algae and T. pyriformis or D. magna. It is suggested that compounds have different toxic mechanisms of action between these species. Interspecies relationships can be improved by inclusion of the octanol/water partition coefficient or the energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital. They reflect the difference of bio-uptake or toxic mechanism of action between species for organic compounds. Benzoic acids show very different toxicity contributions to the three species, V. fischeri, D. magna and carp. They can be easily absorbed into the unicellular bacteria, V. fischeri. On the contrary, the skin and lipid content of multicellular organisms, such as D. magna and fish, can strongly inhibit the bio-uptake for ionizable compounds, which results in the different toxic effect between V. fischeri and D. magna or carp. Good correlation coefficients were observed between toxicities to V. fischeri and D. magna or fishes by inclusion of hydrophobic and ionization parameters. V. fischeri or D. magna can serve as a surrogate of fish toxicity for hydrophobic and ionizable compounds studied. Toxic mechanisms of action are discussed based on the theoretical background of the interspecies correlation.
种间相关性可用于预测对许多其他物种的毒性。然而，人们很少关注基于物种间生物摄取和毒性机制差异的种间关系的理论考虑。本研究基于理论背景，研究了发光弧菌、河流水体细菌、藻类、大型溞、鲤鱼、梨形四膜虫、黑头呆鱼和孔雀鱼之间毒性的种间相关性。结果表明，海洋细菌和淡水细菌或鱼类之间存在良好的种间相关性。这表明化合物在物种之间具有相同的生物摄取和毒性作用机制。另一方面，发现藻类和梨形四膜虫或大型溞之间的毒性具有较差的种间关系。这表明化合物在这些物种之间具有不同的毒性作用机制。通过包含辛醇/水分配系数或最低未占据分子轨道的能量，可以改善种间关系。它们反映了有机化合物在物种间生物摄取或毒性作用机制的差异。苯甲酸对发光弧菌、大型溞和鲤鱼三种生物表现出非常不同的毒性贡献。它们可以很容易地被单细胞细菌发光弧菌吸收。相反，多细胞生物的皮肤和脂质含量，如大型溞和鱼类，可以强烈抑制可电离化合物的生物摄取，这导致发光弧菌和大型溞或鱼类之间的毒性作用不同。通过包含疏水性和离子化参数，观察到对发光弧菌和大型溞或鱼类的毒性之间存在良好的相关系数。发光弧菌或大型溞可作为研究的疏水性和可电离化合物的鱼类毒性替代物。基于种间相关性的理论背景，讨论了毒性作用机制。
