Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2011;344:129-48. doi: 10.1007/82_2010_95.
Cancer immunotherapies have yielded promising results in recent years, but new approaches must be utilized if more patients are to experience the benefits of these therapies. Angiogenesis and the tumor endothelium confer unique immune privilege to a growing tumor, with significant effects on diverse immunological processes such as hematopoietic cell maturation, antigen presentation, effector T cell differentiation, cytokine production, adhesion, and T cell homing and extravasation. Here, we review the role of angiogenesis and the tumor endothelium on regulation of the antitumor immune response. We place particular emphasis on the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the suppression of numerous immunological processes that control tumor progression. Further, we describe the unique crosstalk between the VEGF and endothelin systems, and how their interactions may shape the antitumor immune response. These insights establish new targets for combinatorial approaches to modify existing cancer immunotherapies.
近年来，癌症免疫疗法取得了令人瞩目的成果，但如果要让更多患者受益于这些疗法，就必须采用新的方法。血管生成和肿瘤内皮为不断生长的肿瘤提供了独特的免疫特权，对多种免疫过程产生重大影响，如造血细胞成熟、抗原呈递、效应 T 细胞分化、细胞因子产生、黏附以及 T 细胞归巢和渗出。在这里，我们回顾了血管生成和肿瘤内皮在调节抗肿瘤免疫反应中的作用。我们特别强调血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF) 在抑制控制肿瘤进展的众多免疫过程中的作用。此外，我们还描述了 VEGF 和内皮素系统之间独特的串扰，以及它们的相互作用如何塑造抗肿瘤免疫反应。这些见解为修改现有癌症免疫疗法的组合方法确定了新的靶点。
