种马精液冷冻：冷却处理、精液稀释液与种马之间的相互作用
Freezing of stallion semen: interactions among cooling treatments, semen extenders and stallions.
作者信息
Ecot P, Vidament M, de Mornac A, Perigault K, Clément F, Palmer E
机构信息
Institut du Cheval, DEFI, Jumenterie, Le Pin, 61310 Exmes, France.
出版信息
J Reprod Fertil Suppl. 2000(56):141-50.
In the present study, the interactions among stallions, semen extenders and cooling treatments before stallion semen samples were frozen were studied. In Expt 1, the effects of four cooling treatments and three semen extenders were investigated (11 stallions x four split ejaculates), whereas in Expt 2, the effects of two semen extenders, two egg yolk concentrations and two glycerol concentrations were investigated (six stallions x five split ejaculates). Sperm motility after thawing was evaluated. In Expt 1, the extender x cooling treatment interaction was significant. Centrifugation and addition of glycerol at 22 degrees C, followed by filling the straws at 4 degrees C and immediate freezing had detrimental effects in INRA82 + 2% (v/v) egg yolk + 2.5% (v/v) glycerol semen extender and in Gent semen extender compared with the same processes in Kenney + 4% (v/v) egg yolk + 3.6% (v/v) glycerol semen extender. The other cooling treatments, including moderate cooling of semen to 4 degrees C before freezing, resulted in higher sperm motility and had similar effects among treatments. Semen samples from some stallions appeared to withstand freezing more effectively after some cooling treatments than other treatments. Some stallion spermatozoa demonstrated higher motility in Kenney semen extender, whereas other semen samples had the same motility in all extenders. In Expt 2, the stallion x extender interaction was not significant. Increasing the glycerol concentrations from 2.5 to 3.5% (v/v) enhanced sperm motility in semen extenders containing 4% (v/v) egg yolk (INRA82 and Kenney). Increasing the egg yolk concentrations from 2 to 4% (v/v) in extenders containing 3.1-3.6% (v/v) glycerol improved sperm motility in Kenney semen extender only. These experiments demonstrate that there are possible differences in the ability of spermatozoa from different stallions to withstand different cooling treatments, but not necessarily in their tolerance to different semen extenders.
在本研究中，对种公马精液样本冷冻前种公马、精液稀释液和冷却处理之间的相互作用进行了研究。在实验1中，研究了四种冷却处理和三种精液稀释液的效果（11匹种公马×4次分段射精），而在实验2中，研究了两种精液稀释液、两种蛋黄浓度和两种甘油浓度的效果（6匹种公马×5次分段射精）。评估了解冻后的精子活力。在实验1中，稀释液×冷却处理的相互作用显著。与在Kenney + 4%（v/v）蛋黄 + 3.6%（v/v）甘油精液稀释液中进行相同处理相比，在22℃下离心并添加甘油，然后在4℃下填充细管并立即冷冻，对INRA82 + 2%（v/v）蛋黄 + 2.5%（v/v）甘油精液稀释液和Gent精液稀释液有不利影响。其他冷却处理，包括在冷冻前将精液适度冷却至4℃，导致精子活力更高，且各处理间效果相似。一些种公马的精液样本在经过某些冷却处理后，似乎比其他处理更能有效耐受冷冻。一些种公马的精子在Kenney精液稀释液中表现出更高的活力，而其他精液样本在所有稀释液中的活力相同。在实验2中，种公马×稀释液的相互作用不显著。在含有4%（v/v）蛋黄（INRA82和Kenney）的精液稀释液中，将甘油浓度从2.5%（v/v）提高到3.5%（v/v）可增强精子活力。在含有3.1 - 3.6%（v/v）甘油的稀释液中，仅将Kenney精液稀释液中的蛋黄浓度从2%（v/v）提高到4%（v/v）可改善精子活力。这些实验表明，不同种公马的精子耐受不同冷却处理的能力可能存在差异，但对不同精液稀释液的耐受性不一定存在差异。
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