Dept of Community Health and Epidemiology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
J Phys Act Health. 2010 Jul;7(4):442-50. doi: 10.1123/jpah.7.4.442.
The safety of neighborhoods and availability of parks and facilities may influence adolescent physical activity independently or interactively.
9114 Canadians in grades 6 to 10 completed the 2006 Health Behavior in School-Aged Children Survey. The outcome of interest was students' self-reported participation in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity outside of school. A composite scale based on questions measuring student perceptions of safety was used to capture individual perceptions of safety. In addition, schools were grouped into quintiles based on the mean of the perceived safety scale, used as a proxy for peer perceptions. The number of parks and recreational facilities within 5 km of schools was abstracted from a geographical information system.
Moderate gradients in physical activity were observed according to individual and group perceptions of safety. Boys and girls with the highest perceptions of safety were 1.31 (95% CI: 1.17-1.45) and 1.45 (1.26-1.65) times more likely to be physically active, respectively, than those with the lowest perceptions. Compared with those who perceived the neighborhood as least safe, elementary students in higher quintiles were 1.31, 1.39, 1.37, and 1.56 times more likely to be physically active (P(trend) = 0.012). Increased numbers of recreational features were not related to physical activity irrespective of neighborhood safety.
Individual and group perceptions of neighborhood safety were modestly associated with adolescents' physical activity.
社区安全以及公园和设施的可及性可能会独立或交互影响青少年的身体活动。
2006 年，有 9114 名加拿大 6 至 10 年级的学生完成了“儿童在校健康行为调查”。本研究的主要结局指标是学生在校外进行的中等到剧烈身体活动的自我报告参与情况。采用基于学生对安全的感知的问题的综合量表来衡量个人对安全的感知。此外，根据感知安全量表的平均值，将学校分为五分位数，以此作为同伴感知的代表。从地理信息系统中提取了学校 5 公里范围内的公园和娱乐设施的数量。
根据个人和群体对安全的感知，身体活动水平呈中等梯度分布。安全感知度最高的男孩和女孩分别比安全感知度最低的男孩和女孩更有可能进行身体活动，其比值分别为 1.31（95%CI：1.17-1.45）和 1.45（1.26-1.65）。与那些认为邻里最不安全的人相比，处于五分位较高组的小学生进行身体活动的可能性分别高出 1.31、1.39、1.37 和 1.56 倍（P（趋势）=0.012）。无论邻里安全状况如何，娱乐设施数量的增加与身体活动均无关。
个人和群体对邻里安全的感知与青少年的身体活动水平有一定的相关性。
