Kawamura J, Yanagawa M, Tochigi H, Komeda Y, Okabe S, Kinoshita N, Kato H, Kakehi H, Yamada Y, Naruke Y
Department of Urology, Mie University School of Medicine.
Hinyokika Kiyo. 1991 Mar;37(3):235-42.
To determine the current status of urolithiasis in 1988, in comparison with that in 1985, we analyzed the 1937 patients of urolithiasis at 17 departments of urology in Mie Prefecture and 2 departments of urology in Wakayama Prefecture. The ratio of male to female patients was 2.6 to 1.0. Geographically, the number of urolithiasis patients was most frequently distributed in Matsusaka City. The frequency of urolithiasis in the urban area was almost the same as that in the rural area. Most of the stones (96.3%) were in the upper urinary tract. The frequency of lower urinary tract calculi tended to be high in southern Mie Prefecture. The ratio of the upper urinary tract calculi to the lower urinary tract calculi in the urban area was higher than in the rural area. The age distribution in males was in the forties, while that in females was in the fifties. The average age was 46.4 years old. The surgical treatment was performed in 671 patients (34.6%) and the extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) was the most frequent mode of treatment (85.0%), followed by cysto-lithotripsy (4.2%) and percutaneous nephro-uretero-lithotripsy (2.4%). The most frequent component of the urinary tract calculi was calcium oxalate and/or calcium phosphate (81.7%). The stone patient increased in the number during the summer season (July, August and September). In conclusion, in 1988 when the ESWL treatment started in Mie Prefecture, the epidemiologic features of urolithiasis was characterized as follows: the number of patients increased and the broad application of the ESWL treatment resulted in the decreased number of patients with spontaneous discharge and the increased number of patients with recurrent stones and with bilateral or multiple complex stones.
为了确定1988年尿石症的现状，并与1985年进行比较，我们分析了三重县17个泌尿外科科室和和歌山县2个泌尿外科科室的1937例尿石症患者。男女患者比例为2.6比1.0。从地理分布来看，尿石症患者数量最多的是松阪市。市区尿石症的发病率与农村地区几乎相同。大多数结石（96.3%）位于上尿路。三重县南部下尿路结石的发病率往往较高。市区上尿路结石与下尿路结石的比例高于农村地区。男性的年龄分布在四十多岁，而女性的年龄分布在五十多岁。平均年龄为46.4岁。671例患者（34.6%）接受了手术治疗，体外冲击波碎石术（ESWL）是最常用的治疗方式（85.0%），其次是膀胱碎石术（4.2%）和经皮肾输尿管碎石术（2.4%）。尿路结石最常见的成分是草酸钙和/或磷酸钙（81.7%）。夏季（7月、8月和9月）结石患者数量增加。总之，在三重县开始采用ESWL治疗的1988年，尿石症的流行病学特征如下：患者数量增加，ESWL治疗的广泛应用导致自然排出患者数量减少，复发结石以及双侧或多发复杂结石患者数量增加。
