The Cardiac Unit of King's Health Partners, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom.
Am Heart J. 2010 Aug;160(2):237-43. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2010.05.014.
BACKGROUND: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is an alternative treatment option for patients with aortic stenosis deemed high risk or unsuitable for aortic valve replacement. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of TAVI in elderly patients, the delivery of this technology with a multidisciplinary approach, and the use of traditional surgical scoring systems. METHODS: One hundred fifty-one consecutive patients (mean age 82.6 +/- 7.3 years) with severe aortic stenosis underwent TAVI with the Edwards Lifesciences (Irvine, CA) Sapien bioprosthesis using the transapical (n = 84; 56%) or transfemoral (n = 67; 44%) approach from August 2007 to September 2009 at King's Health Partners, London, United Kingdom. We analyzed procedural outcome, complications, functional status, and midterm outcome of patients. RESULTS: The multidisciplinary team comprised interventional cardiologists, cardiothoracic surgeons, imaging specialists, cardiac anesthetists, and specialist nurses. Seventy percent of patients were in New York Heart Association class III/IV, and logistic EuroSCORE was 21.6 +/- 11.9. Procedural success was achieved in 98%. Postoperative complications included stroke (6%), complete atrioventricular block (5.3%), renal failure requiring hemofiltration (9.3%), and vascular injury (8.6%). Overall 30-day mortality was 9.9% (n = 15). The logistic EuroSCORE was a predictor of short-term mortality (logistic regression model, P < .05). Thirty-day mortality post-TAVI for patients with logistic EuroSCORE <20, 20 to 40, and >40 was 5.4%, 13.2%, and 22.2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation is a feasible treatment option in this patient group with promising short/medium-term results. Renal failure is the commonest short-term complication, and the incidence of vascular complications remains high. Risk prediction/case selection remains challenging, and a multidisciplinary team approach appears to be helpful in appropriate patient selection.
背景:经导管主动脉瓣植入术(TAVI)是一种替代治疗方法,适用于被认为高危或不适合主动脉瓣置换的主动脉瓣狭窄患者。本研究的目的是评估 TAVI 在老年患者中的可行性,采用多学科方法进行该技术的应用,并使用传统的手术评分系统。
方法:2007 年 8 月至 2009 年 9 月,在英国伦敦国王健康合作伙伴,151 例连续的严重主动脉瓣狭窄患者(平均年龄 82.6±7.3 岁)接受了爱德华兹生命科学公司(欧文,加利福尼亚州)的 Sapien 生物瓣经心尖(n=84;56%)或经股(n=67;44%)入路的 TAVI。我们分析了患者的手术结果、并发症、功能状态和中期结果。
结果:多学科团队由介入心脏病专家、心胸外科医生、影像专家、心脏麻醉师和专科护士组成。70%的患者为纽约心脏协会(NYHA)心功能分级 III/IV 级,逻辑 EuroSCORE 为 21.6±11.9。手术成功率为 98%。术后并发症包括卒中(6%)、完全性房室传导阻滞(5.3%)、需要血液滤过的肾衰竭(9.3%)和血管损伤(8.6%)。总体 30 天死亡率为 9.9%(n=15)。逻辑 EuroSCORE 是短期死亡率的预测因素(逻辑回归模型,P<.05)。TAVI 后逻辑 EuroSCORE<20、20-40 和>40 的 30 天死亡率分别为 5.4%、13.2%和 22.2%。
结论:在这组患者中,经导管主动脉瓣植入术是一种可行的治疗选择,具有良好的短期/中期结果。肾衰竭是最常见的短期并发症,血管并发症的发生率仍然较高。风险预测/病例选择仍然具有挑战性,多学科团队方法似乎有助于进行适当的患者选择。
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