Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Genetics. 2010 Oct;186(2):537-50. doi: 10.1534/genetics.110.121533. Epub 2010 Aug 9.
Meiosis in triploids results in four highly aneuploid gametes because six copies of each homolog must be segregated into four meiotic products. Using DNA microarrays and other physical approaches, we examined meiotic chromosome segregation in triploid strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In most tetrads with four viable spores, two of the spores had two copies of a given homolog and two spores had only one copy. Chromosomes segregated randomly into viable spores without preferences for generating near haploid or near diploid spores. Using single-nucleotide polymorphisms, we showed that, in most tetrads, all three pairs of homologs recombined. Strains derived from some of the aneuploid spore colonies had very high frequencies of mitotic chromosome loss, resulting in genetically diverse populations of cells.
三倍体减数分裂会产生四个高度非整倍体配子,因为每对同源染色体必须分离成四个减数分裂产物。我们使用 DNA 微阵列和其他物理方法研究了酿酒酵母三倍体菌株的减数分裂染色体分离。在大多数含有四个可存活孢子的四分体中,两个孢子具有给定同源染色体的两份拷贝,而两个孢子仅具有一份拷贝。染色体随机分配到可存活的孢子中,没有偏向于产生近单倍体或近二倍体孢子的偏好。使用单核苷酸多态性,我们表明,在大多数四分体中,所有三对同源染色体都发生了重组。来自一些非整倍体孢子集落的菌株具有很高的有丝分裂染色体丢失频率,导致细胞遗传多样性群体的产生。