UMR INRA 1088/CNRS 5184/Université Bourgogne, Plante-Microbe-Environnement, INRA-CMSE, BP 86510, 21065, Dijon Cedex, France.
Mycorrhiza. 2010 Nov;20(8):519-30. doi: 10.1007/s00572-010-0333-3. Epub 2010 Aug 10.
The beneficial effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on plant performance and soil health are essential for the sustainable management of agricultural ecosystems. Nevertheless, since the 'first green revolution', less attention has been given to beneficial soil microorganisms in general and to AM fungi in particular. Human society benefits from a multitude of resources and processes from natural and managed ecosystems, to which AM make a crucial contribution. These resources and processes, which are called ecosystem services, include products like food and processes like nutrient transfer. Many people have been under the illusion that these ecosystem services are free, invulnerable and infinitely available; taken for granted as public benefits, they lack a formal market and are traditionally absent from society's balance sheet. In 1997, a team of researchers from the USA, Argentina and the Netherlands put an average price tag of US $33 trillion a year on these fundamental ecosystem services. The present review highlights the key role that the AM symbiosis can play as an ecosystem service provider to guarantee plant productivity and quality in emerging systems of sustainable agriculture. The appropriate management of ecosystem services rendered by AM will impact on natural resource conservation and utilisation with an obvious net gain for human society.
丛枝菌根（AM）真菌对植物性能和土壤健康的有益影响对于农业生态系统的可持续管理至关重要。然而，自“第一次绿色革命”以来，人们对有益的土壤微生物的关注总体上减少了，特别是对 AM 真菌的关注减少了。人类社会受益于自然和管理生态系统提供的多种资源和过程，AM 对此做出了至关重要的贡献。这些资源和过程被称为生态系统服务，包括食品等产品和养分转移等过程。许多人一直误以为这些生态系统服务是免费的、不受伤害的和无限供应的；它们被视为公共利益，缺乏正式的市场，传统上也不在社会资产负债表中。1997 年，来自美国、阿根廷和荷兰的一组研究人员对这些基本生态系统服务进行了评估，平均每年的价格为 33 万亿美元。本综述强调了 AM 共生体作为生态系统服务提供者可以发挥的关键作用，以保证新兴可持续农业系统中的植物生产力和质量。对 AM 提供的生态系统服务的适当管理将影响自然资源的保护和利用，为人类社会带来明显的净收益。
