Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Padjajaran University/Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia.
BMC Public Health. 2010 Aug 10;10:472. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-472.
Injecting drug use is an increasingly important cause of HIV transmission in most countries worldwide, especially in eastern Europe, South America, and east and southeast Asia. Among people actively injecting drugs, provision of clean needles and opioid substitution reduce HIV-transmission. However, former injecting drug users (fIDUs) are often overlooked as a high risk group for HIV transmission. We compared HIV risk behavior among current and former injecting drug users (IDUs) in Indonesia, which has a rapidly growing HIV-epidemic largely driven by injecting drug use.
Current and former IDUs were recruited by respondent driven sampling in an urban setting in Java, and interviewed regarding drug use and HIV risk behavior using the European Addiction Severity Index and the Blood Borne Virus Transmission Questionnaire. Drug use and HIV transmission risk behavior were compared between current IDUs and former IDUs, using the Mann-Whitney and Pearson Chi-square test.
Ninety-two out of 210 participants (44%) were self reported former IDUs. Risk behavior related to sex, tattooing or piercing was common among current as well as former IDUs, 13% of former IDUs were still exposed to contaminated injecting equipment. HIV-infection was high among former (66%) and current (60%) IDUs.
Former IDUs may contribute significantly to the HIV-epidemic in Indonesia, and HIV-prevention should therefore also target this group, addressing sexual and other risk behavior.
在世界上大多数国家，尤其是东欧、南美以及东亚和东南亚，注射吸毒已成为艾滋病毒传播的一个日益重要的原因。在活跃的吸毒者中，提供清洁的针具和阿片类药物替代疗法可以减少艾滋病毒的传播。然而，曾经注射吸毒者（fIDUs）往往被忽视为艾滋病毒传播的高风险群体。我们比较了印度尼西亚目前和曾经注射吸毒者（IDUs）的艾滋病毒风险行为，印度尼西亚的艾滋病毒疫情增长迅速，主要是由注射吸毒引起的。
通过在爪哇的城市环境中采用受访者驱动抽样方法招募目前和曾经的 IDUs，并使用欧洲成瘾严重程度指数和血源性病毒传播问卷对他们进行药物使用和艾滋病毒风险行为的访谈。使用曼-惠特尼和皮尔逊卡方检验比较目前 IDUs 和曾经 IDUs 之间的药物使用和艾滋病毒传播风险行为。
210 名参与者中有 92 名（44%）自述为曾经的 IDUs。目前和曾经的 IDUs 中与性、纹身或穿孔有关的风险行为很常见，13%的曾经 IDUs 仍接触到受污染的注射设备。曾经的 IDUs（66%）和目前的 IDUs（60%）艾滋病毒感染率都很高。
曾经的 IDUs 可能对印度尼西亚的艾滋病毒疫情产生重大影响，因此艾滋病毒预防也应针对这一群体，解决性和其他风险行为。
