Carcuac Olivier, Jansson Leif
Department of Periodontology at Kista-Skanstull, Folktandvården i Stockholms Iän AB, Stockholm, Sweden.
Swed Dent J. 2010;34(2):53-61.
Implant therapy has become a widely recognized treatment alternative for replacing missing teeth. Several long term follow-up studies have shown that the survival rate is high. However, complications may appear and risk indcators associated with early and late failures have been identified. The purpose of the present retrospective clinical study was to describe some clinical features of patients with clinical signs of peri-implantitis and to identify risk indicators of peri-implantitis in a population at a specialist clinic of Periodontology. In total,the material consisted of 377 implants in 111 patients with the diagnosis peri-implantitis. The mean age at the examination was found to be 56.3 years (range 22-83) for females and 64.1 years (range 27-85) for males. The mean number of remaining teeth was found to be 10.5 (S.D. 8.89) and the mean number of implants was 5.85 (S.D. 3.42). For a majority of the subjects, more than 50% of the remaining teeth had a marginal bone loss of more than 1/3 of the root length. Forty-sex percent of the patients visited regularly dental hygienists for supportive treatment. The percentage of implants with peri-implantitis was significantly increased for smokers compared to non-smokers (p = 0.04). In the group of non-smokers, 64% of the implants had the diagnosis peri-implantitis, while the corresponding relative frequency for smokers was 78%. A majority of the individuals had a Plaque index and Bleeding on probing index >50%. The median of the follow-up time after implant placement was 7.4 years and the observation period was not significantly correlated to the degree of bone loss around the implants. Among the subjects with a mean bone loss >6 mm at implants with peri-implantitis, more than 70% had a mean marginal bone loss > 1/3 of the root length of the remaining teeth. A positive and significant correlation was found between the degree of marginal bone loss in remaining teeth and the degree of bone loss around implants with peri-implantitis. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that smoking as well as previous history of periodontitis are associated with peri-implantitis and may represent risk factors for this disease.
种植治疗已成为一种广泛认可的替代治疗方法，用于替代缺失牙。多项长期随访研究表明，种植体的存活率很高。然而，并发症可能会出现，并且已经确定了与早期和晚期失败相关的风险指标。本回顾性临床研究的目的是描述有种植体周围炎临床体征患者的一些临床特征，并确定在一家牙周病专科诊所的人群中种植体周围炎的风险指标。总共，该材料包括111例诊断为种植体周围炎患者的377颗种植体。检查时发现女性的平均年龄为56.3岁（范围22 - 83岁），男性为64.1岁（范围27 - 85岁）。剩余牙齿的平均数量为10.5颗（标准差8.89），种植体的平均数量为5.85颗（标准差3.42）。对于大多数受试者，超过50%的剩余牙齿的边缘骨丧失超过牙根长度的1/3。46%的患者定期拜访口腔保健员进行支持性治疗。与不吸烟者相比，吸烟者种植体周围炎的发生率显著增加（p = 0.04）。在不吸烟组中，64%的种植体被诊断为种植体周围炎，而吸烟者的相应相对频率为78%。大多数个体的菌斑指数和探诊出血指数>50%。种植体植入后的随访时间中位数为7.4年，观察期与种植体周围的骨丧失程度无显著相关性。在种植体周围炎患者中，种植体平均骨丧失>6mm的受试者中，超过70%的人剩余牙齿的平均边缘骨丧失>牙根长度的1/3。在剩余牙齿的边缘骨丧失程度与种植体周围炎种植体的骨丧失程度之间发现了正相关且显著的相关性。总之，本研究结果表明，吸烟以及牙周炎病史与种植体周围炎有关，可能是该疾病的危险因素。
