新兵环境中的呼吸道感染：一项前瞻性队列研究。
Respiratory tract infections in a military recruit setting: a prospective cohort study.
机构信息
Medical Service of the Hellenic Army Supply and Transportation Corps Training Center, Sparta, Greece.
出版信息
J Infect Public Health. 2008;1(2):101-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2008.09.002. Epub 2008 Nov 17.
BACKGROUND
Acute respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are an important cause of morbidity in the military setting. Respiratory viruses are the most frequently implicated pathogens, especially adenovirus and respiratory syncytial virus. We performed this study to investigate the role of factors such as obesity, cigarette smoking, and educational level on the development of respiratory tract infections in a military recruit setting.
METHODS
A cohort of 472 military recruits was prospectively followed up for the basic training period of 3 weeks. Symptoms of infections were monitored during this period.
RESULTS
Eighty-four of 472 recruits (17.8%) were diagnosed with infection; 55 (65.5%) with upper RTI (mainly rhinitis), 23 (27.4%) with flu-like syndrome, and 6 (7.1%) with tonsillitis. There was no association between age, BMI, or smoking status and symptomatic RTI (p>0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Occurrence of respiratory tract infections in military recruits is common, at least in some populations and settings. We did not find an association between risk factors such as BMI and smoking and symptomatic respiratory infection in our population, a result that may be associated with the limited power of this study.
背景
急性呼吸道感染（RTIs）是军事环境中发病率的重要原因。呼吸道病毒是最常涉及的病原体，特别是腺病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒。我们进行这项研究是为了调查肥胖、吸烟和教育水平等因素在军事新兵环境中对呼吸道感染发展的作用。
方法
对 472 名军事新兵进行了前瞻性随访，随访时间为 3 周的基础训练期。在此期间监测感染症状。
结果
472 名新兵中有 84 人（17.8%）被诊断为感染；55 人（65.5%）患有上呼吸道感染（主要为鼻炎），23 人（27.4%）患有流感样综合征，6 人（7.1%）患有扁桃体炎。年龄、BMI 或吸烟状况与症状性 RTI 之间无相关性（p>0.05）。
结论
新兵呼吸道感染的发生率很高，至少在某些人群和环境中如此。我们在人群中未发现 BMI 和吸烟等危险因素与症状性呼吸道感染之间存在关联，这一结果可能与本研究的有限效力有关。
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