中国北方某新兵训练基地 6 种常见病毒引起的呼吸道传染病监测。

Surveillance for respiratory infectious diseases caused by 6 common viruses in a recruit training site in the Northern region of China.

机构信息

Treatment and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, 302 Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100039 China.

Center for Medical information, 302 Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100039 China.

出版信息

Mil Med Res. 2017 Apr 1;4:10. doi: 10.1186/s40779-017-0120-y. eCollection 2017.

DOI:10.1186/s40779-017-0120-y

PMID:28373908

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5376280/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Recruit training sites are places with a high incidence of respiratory infectious diseases. Effective surveillance for acute respiratory infectious diseases in a recruit training site is an important way to prevent disease outbreaks.

METHODS

Eight hundred recruits (722 males and 78 females) enlisted in autumn 2015 received a background survey within 24 h of settlement at the recruit training site, including their general personal information, vaccination history, mental status and clinical symptoms. Then, nasopharyngeal swabs of these recruits were collected to detect common respiratory pathogens [influenza virus type A, influenza virus type B, adenovirus (Adv), human respiratory syncytial virus, human bocavirus and human metapneumovirus] by PCR. In addition, fasting venous blood was collected in the morning for adenovirus IgG antibody detection. During the three months of training, the recruits were monitored for symptoms of respiratory infection, and nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from those with an axillary temperature ≥38 °C and other respiratory symptoms within 4 h of symptom onset. Samples were further examined by PCR.

RESULTS

Among the 795 effective nasopharyngeal swab samples collected during survey, two cases of group C type 1 adenovirus were identified by PCR. During the 3 months of training, fever and respiratory symptoms occurred in 39 recruits (incidence rate of 4.9%) and 5 cases of adenovirus were detected (positive rate of 12.8%). Genotyping showed 3 cases of type 4 adenovirus and 2 of type 3 adenovirus. No type 7, 14 or 55 adenovirus was detected. The Adv-IgG positive rate of recruits was 48.2%. Among the 5 Adv positive cases with fever and respiratory symptoms, 4 were Adv-IgG positive.

CONCLUSION

The pathogen carrier rate in recruits was low, and only group C adenovirus, which causes mild infection in humans, was detected. No respiratory outbreak was observed at the recruit training site, and sporadic cases were mainly caused by type 3 and type 4 adenoviruses.

摘要

背景

新兵集训点是呼吸道传染病高发场所。对新兵集训点急性呼吸道传染病进行有效监测，是防控传染病暴发的重要手段。

方法

2015 年秋季入伍的 800 名新兵（男 722 名，女 78 名）在新兵集训点安置后 24 h 内进行背景调查，内容包括一般个人信息、疫苗接种史、精神状态和临床症状。然后采集这些新兵的鼻咽拭子，通过 PCR 检测常见呼吸道病原体[甲型流感病毒、乙型流感病毒、腺病毒（Adv）、人呼吸道合胞病毒、人博卡病毒和人偏肺病毒]。此外，早上采集空腹静脉血，用于检测腺病毒 IgG 抗体。在 3 个月的训练期间，监测新兵的呼吸道感染症状，对腋温≥38°C 伴有其他呼吸道症状的新兵，在症状出现后 4 h 内采集鼻咽拭子。进一步通过 PCR 进行检查。

结果

在调查期间采集的 795 份有效鼻咽拭子样本中，通过 PCR 鉴定出 2 例 C 组 1 型腺病毒。在 3 个月的训练期间，39 名新兵（发生率为 4.9%）出现发热和呼吸道症状，检测出 5 例腺病毒（阳性率为 12.8%）。基因分型显示 3 例为 4 型腺病毒，2 例为 3 型腺病毒。未检测到 7、14 或 55 型腺病毒。新兵 Adv-IgG 阳性率为 48.2%。在 5 例发热和呼吸道症状的 Adv 阳性病例中，有 4 例 Adv-IgG 阳性。