Paaske P B, Staunstrup H N, Malling B, Knudsen L
Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Aarhus Municipal University Hospital, Denmark.
Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 1991 Apr;16(2):145-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2273.1991.tb01964.x.
An assessment of the strain on the tympanic membrane caused by diving was performed using impedance measurement of the middle ear in 21 untrained young men going through a scuba-diving training programme (scuba, self-contained under-water breathing apparatus). Tympanometry was carried out just before and after diving. The divers made 104 dives between them (median 5 each, range 2-7) at depths from 2 to 12 m (median 6 m). The results showed a significant increase in middle ear compliance on diving. The increase in compliance was significant at different depths, was transient, and fell to the initial level between the dives. We conclude that the strain exerted on the tympanic membrane and middle ear from barotrauma due to diving results in a reversible impairment of the recoiling capacity of the elastic fibrils of the tympanic membrane. This transient increase in compliance, we think, is the first measurable change in elasticity of the tympanic membrane. If barotrauma continue the changes could be irreversible.
对21名正在接受水肺潜水训练课程（水肺，即自给式水下呼吸装置）的未经训练的年轻男性，通过测量中耳的阻抗来评估潜水对鼓膜造成的压力。在潜水前后分别进行鼓室导抗测量。这些潜水者共进行了104次潜水（每人中位数为5次，范围为2 - 7次），深度在2至12米之间（中位数为6米）。结果显示潜水时中耳顺应性显著增加。顺应性的增加在不同深度均显著，是短暂的，并且在潜水之间会降至初始水平。我们得出结论，潜水引起的气压伤对鼓膜和中耳施加的压力导致鼓膜弹性纤维回弹能力的可逆性损伤。我们认为，这种顺应性的短暂增加是鼓膜弹性的首个可测量变化。如果气压伤持续，这些变化可能会不可逆。
