Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2011 Feb;23(1):78-84. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2010.07.008. Epub 2010 Aug 11.
Female meiosis is unique in that an asymmetrically positioned meiotic spindle expels chromosomes into tiny, non-developing polar bodies. The extrusion of chromosomes into polar bodies is always mediated by meiotic spindles that are attached to the oocyte cortex by one pole. The asymmetric, cortical positioning of the oocyte meiotic spindle preserves the volume and contents of the oocyte. Recent work in C. elegans and mouse has provided mechanistic details of spindle positioning in oocytes.
雌性减数分裂的独特之处在于，一个不对称定位的减数分裂纺锤体将染色体排出到微小的、不发育的极体中。染色体被挤出到极体中总是由附着在卵母细胞皮层上的一个极的减数分裂纺锤体介导的。卵母细胞减数分裂纺锤体的不对称、皮质定位保持了卵母细胞的体积和内容物。最近在秀丽隐杆线虫和小鼠中的研究提供了卵母细胞中纺锤体定位的机制细节。
