Williams D R
Kent State University, Department of Economics, OH 44242.
Demography. 1991 May;28(2):323-32.
This paper measures the extent to which recent increases in the aggregate poverty rate are attributable to the changing distribution of employment across industries. We decompose the total poverty rate change over the 1976-1983 period into components attributable to changes in employment shares and changes in the incidence of poverty within industries. Our results show that the poverty rate increase resulted primarily from the decline in employment rates in general and from increases in the incidence of poverty within all industries, rather than from the shift of employment opportunities between sectors. The growth of service sector employment in particular has not contributed to the increased incidence of poverty in the United States.
本文衡量了近期总体贫困率上升在多大程度上可归因于就业在各行业间分布的变化。我们将1976 - 1983年期间总贫困率的变化分解为可归因于就业份额变化和各行业内贫困发生率变化的组成部分。我们的结果表明，贫困率上升主要是由于总体就业率下降以及所有行业内贫困发生率上升，而非部门间就业机会的转移。特别是服务业就业的增长并未导致美国贫困发生率上升。
